如何从第二个脚本中执行具有 argparse 的脚本 [英] How to execute a script that has argparse from within a second script

问题描述

我有一个名为 test1.py 的简单脚本.

I have this simple script named test1.py.

#!/usr/bin/env python

from argparse import ArgumentParser


def cmdlineparse():
    parser = ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("-tid", dest="CHEMBL_TARGET_ID", required=True, type=str)
    parser.add_argument("-molfile", dest="XTEST_MOLFILE", required=False, type=str)

    args=parser.parse_args()
    return args


if __name__ == '__main__':

    args = cmdlineparse()

    print("The given CHEMBL_TARGET_ID is %s" % args.CHEMBL_TARGET_ID)
    print("The given XTEST_MOLFILE is %s" % args.XTEST_MOLFILE)

通常我是这样执行的./test1.py -tid CHEMBL8868 -molfileligands.sdf.

我想要做的是从名为 test2.py 的第二个脚本中多次执行它.最简单的解决方案是使用 subprocess.call 或等效的东西来调用它.

What I want to do is to execute it multiple times from within a second script named test2.py. The simplest solution would be to call it using subprocess.call or something equivalent.

subprocess.call("./test1.py -tid CHEMBL8868 -molfile ligands.sdf".split(), shell=True, executable='/bin/bash')

然而，我想以一种更优雅的方式来做，即将它作为模块导入并将值传递给argparse.有人可以告诉我怎么做吗?

However, I would like to do it in a more elegant way, namely by importing it as a module and passing values to argparse. Could someone please show me how to do this?

推荐答案

您需要稍微重构一下您的脚本:让 cmdlineparse 获取要解析的参数列表，并定义一个函数 main 执行实际工作，而不是由 __main__ 保护的裸块.

You'll need to refactor your script a bit: let cmdlineparse take an list of arguments to parse, and define a function main that does the actual work instead of a bare block guarded by __main__.

#!/usr/bin/env python

from argparse import ArgumentParser


def cmdlineparse(args):
    parser = ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("-tid", dest="CHEMBL_TARGET_ID", required=True, type=str)
    parser.add_argument("-molfile", dest="XTEST_MOLFILE", required=False, type=str)

    args=parser.parse_args(args)
    return args

def main(args=None):
    args = cmdlineparse(args)
    print("The given CHEMBL_TARGET_ID is %s" % args.CHEMBL_TARGET_ID)
    print("The given XTEST_MOLFILE is %s" % args.XTEST_MOLFILE)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

没有参数，main 将解析当前的命令行参数，因为 None 的值(最终)传递给了 parser.parse_args() 将导致它解析 sys.argv[1:].

Without an argument, main will parse the current command-line arguments, since a value of None passed (eventually) to parser.parse_args() will cause it to parse sys.argv[1:].

现在你可以导入 test1 并根据需要显式调用 main :

Now you can import test1 and call main explicitly as often as you like:

import test1

test1.main(["-tid", "CHEMBL8868", "-molfile", "ligands.sdf"])
test1.main(["-tid", "CHEMBL8293", "-molfile", "stuff.sdf"])
# etc

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