如何检查字符串是否包含 JavaScript 中子字符串数组中的文本? [英] How to check if a string contains text from an array of substrings in JavaScript?

问题描述

非常直接.在 javascript 中，我需要检查一个字符串是否包含数组中的任何子字符串.

Pretty straight forward. In javascript, I need to check if a string contains any substrings held in an array.

推荐答案

没有任何内置功能可以为您做到这一点，您必须为它编写一个函数，尽管它可以只是对 <代码>一些数组方法.

There's nothing built-in that will do that for you, you'll have to write a function for it, although it can be just a callback to the some array method.

适合您的两种方法:

• 数组some方法
• 正则表达式

数组 some 方法(在 ES5 中添加)使这变得非常简单:

The array some method (added in ES5) makes this quite straightforward:

if (substrings.some(function(v) { return str.indexOf(v) >= 0; })) {
    // There's at least one
}

使用箭头函数和新的 includes 方法(ES2015+)甚至更好:

Even better with an arrow function and the newish includes method (both ES2015+):

if (substrings.some(v => str.includes(v))) {
    // There's at least one
}

现场示例:

const substrings = ["one", "two", "three"];
let str;

// Setup
console.log(`Substrings: ${substrings}`);

// Try it where we expect a match
str = "this has one";
if (substrings.some(v => str.includes(v))) {
    console.log(`Match using "${str}"`);
} else {
    console.log(`No match using "${str}"`);
}

// Try it where we DON'T expect a match
str = "this doesn't have any";
if (substrings.some(v => str.includes(v))) {
    console.log(`Match using "${str}"`);
} else {
    console.log(`No match using "${str}"`);
}

如果你知道字符串不包含任何正则表达式中的特殊字符，那么你可以作弊，像这样:

If you know the strings don't contain any of the characters that are special in regular expressions, then you can cheat a bit, like this:

if (new RegExp(substrings.join("|")).test(string)) {
    // At least one match
}

...它创建一个正则表达式，它是您要查找的子字符串的一系列替代(例如，one|two)并测试以查看是否它们中的任何一个都有匹配项，但是如果任何子字符串包含正则表达式中的任何特殊字符(*、[ 等)，则您必须首先逃避他们，你最好只做无聊的循环.有关转义它们的信息，请参阅此问题的答案.

...which creates a regular expression that's a series of alternations for the substrings you're looking for (e.g., one|two) and tests to see if there are matches for any of them, but if any of the substrings contains any characters that are special in regexes (*, [, etc.), you'd have to escape them first and you're better off just doing the boring loop instead. For info about escaping them, see this question's answers.

现场示例:

const substrings = ["one", "two", "three"];
let str;

// Setup
console.log(`Substrings: ${substrings}`);

// Try it where we expect a match
str = "this has one";
if (new RegExp(substrings.join("|")).test(str)) {
    console.log(`Match using "${str}"`);
} else {
    console.log(`No match using "${str}"`);
}

// Try it where we DON'T expect a match
str = "this doesn't have any";
if (new RegExp(substrings.join("|")).test(str)) {
    console.log(`Match using "${str}"`);
} else {
    console.log(`No match using "${str}"`);
}

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