如何使用jq根据内部数组中的值过滤对象数组? [英] How to filter an array of objects based on values in an inner array with jq?

问题描述

鉴于此输入:

<预><代码>[{Id":cb94e7a42732b598ad18a8f27454a886c1aa8bbba6167646d8f064cd86191e2b"，名称":[居高临下的琼斯"，love_hoover"]},{Id":186db739b7509eb0114a09e14bcd16bf637019860d23c4fc20e98cbe068b55aa"，名称":[foo_data"]},{Id":a4b7e6f5752d8dcb906a5901f7ab82e403b9dff4eaaeebea767a04bac4aada19"，名称":[jovial_wozniak"]},{Id":76b71c496556912012c20dc3cbd37a54a1f05bffad3d5e92466900a003fbb623"，名称":[bar_data"]}]

我正在尝试使用 jq 构建一个过滤器，该过滤器返回所有带有 Id 的对象不包含数据"；在内部 Names 数组中，输出以换行符分隔.对于上述数据，我想要的输出是:

cb94e7a42732b598ad18a8f27454a886c1aa8bbba6167646d8f064cd86191e2ba4b7e6f5752d8dcb906a5901f7ab82e403b9dff4eaaeebea767a04bac4aada19

我想我有点接近这个:

(. - select(.Names[] contains("data"))) |.[] .ID

但 select 过滤器不正确且无法编译(获取 error: syntax error, unexpected IDENT).

解决方案

非常接近！在您的 select 表达式中，您必须在 contains 之前使用管道 (|).

此过滤器产生预期的输出.

<预><代码>.- map(select(.Names[] | contains ("data"))) |.[] .ID

jqCookbook 有一个语法示例.

<块引用>

根据键的内容过滤对象

例如，我只想要类型键包含house"的对象.

$ json='[{"genre":"deep house"}, {"genre": "progressive house"}, {"genre": "dubstep"}]'$ echo "$json" |jq -c '.[] |select(.genre | contains("house"))'{流派":深宅"}{流派":进步的房子"}

Colin D 问如何保留数组的 JSON 结构，以便最终输出的是单个 JSON 数组而不是 JSON 对象流.

最简单的方法是将整个表达式包装在一个数组构造函数中:

$ echo "$json" |jq -c '[ .[] |选择(.流派|包含(房子"))]'[{"genre":"deep house"},{"genre":"progressive house"}]

您也可以使用地图功能:

$ echo "$json" |jq -c 'map(select(.genre | contains("house")))'[{"genre":"deep house"},{"genre":"progressive house"}]

map 解包输入数组，将过滤器应用于每个元素，并创建一个新数组.换句话说，map(f) 等价于 [.[]|f].

Given this input:

[
  {
    "Id": "cb94e7a42732b598ad18a8f27454a886c1aa8bbba6167646d8f064cd86191e2b",
    "Names": [
      "condescending_jones",
      "loving_hoover"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Id": "186db739b7509eb0114a09e14bcd16bf637019860d23c4fc20e98cbe068b55aa",
    "Names": [
      "foo_data"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Id": "a4b7e6f5752d8dcb906a5901f7ab82e403b9dff4eaaeebea767a04bac4aada19",
    "Names": [
      "jovial_wozniak"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Id": "76b71c496556912012c20dc3cbd37a54a1f05bffad3d5e92466900a003fbb623",
    "Names": [
      "bar_data"
    ]
  }
]

I'm trying to construct a filter with jq that returns all objects with Ids that do not contain "data" in the inner Names array, with the output being newline-separated. For the above data, the output I'd like is:

cb94e7a42732b598ad18a8f27454a886c1aa8bbba6167646d8f064cd86191e2b
a4b7e6f5752d8dcb906a5901f7ab82e403b9dff4eaaeebea767a04bac4aada19

I think I'm somewhat close with this:

(. - select(.Names[] contains("data"))) | .[] .Id

but the select filter is not correct and it doesn't compile (get error: syntax error, unexpected IDENT).

解决方案

Very close! In your select expression, you have to use a pipe (|) before contains.

This filter produces the expected output.

. - map(select(.Names[] | contains ("data"))) | .[] .Id

The jq Cookbook has an example of the syntax.

Filter objects based on the contents of a key

E.g., I only want objects whose genre key contains "house".

$ json='[{"genre":"deep house"}, {"genre": "progressive house"}, {"genre": "dubstep"}]'
$ echo "$json" | jq -c '.[] | select(.genre | contains("house"))'
{"genre":"deep house"}
{"genre":"progressive house"}

Colin D asks how to preserve the JSON structure of the array, so that the final output is a single JSON array rather than a stream of JSON objects.

The simplest way is to wrap the whole expression in an array constructor:

$ echo "$json" | jq -c '[ .[] | select( .genre | contains("house")) ]'
[{"genre":"deep house"},{"genre":"progressive house"}]

You can also use the map function:

$ echo "$json" | jq -c 'map(select(.genre | contains("house")))'
[{"genre":"deep house"},{"genre":"progressive house"}]

map unpacks the input array, applies the filter to every element, and creates a new array. In other words, map(f) is equivalent to [.[]|f].

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