没有注册“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUser]"类型的服务 [英] No service for type 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUser]' has been registered

问题描述

此错误的可能原因是什么:

What is the possible cause of this error:

InvalidOperationException: 没有注册Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager [Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUser]"类型的服务.

InvalidOperationException: No service for type 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager [Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUser]' has been registered.

我的目标框架是netcoreapp2.1.

这是我的用户存储类:

public class MyUserStore : IdentityUser
{
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
}

还有我的用户角色类:

public class MyUserRole : IdentityRole
{
    public string Description { get; set; }
}

我的数据库上下文:

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<MyUserStore,MyUserRole,string>
{
    public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> 
      options): base(options) { }
}

我在Startup.cs中的ConfigureServices方法:

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.Configure<CookiePolicyOptions>(options =>
    {
        // This lambda determines whether user consent for non-essential cookies is needed for a given request.
        options.CheckConsentNeeded = context => true;
        options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = SameSiteMode.None;
    });

    services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
        options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));

    //services.AddDefaultIdentity<IdentityUser>()
    //    .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();

    services.AddIdentity<MyUserStore, MyUserRole>(cfg => {
        cfg.User.RequireUniqueEmail = true;
    }).AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();
    services.AddTransient<Seeder>();
    services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_1);
}

我想了解为什么会发生这种情况以及最佳做法是什么.

i want to understand why this is happening and what is the best practice.

推荐答案

这通常发生在 _LoginPartial.cshtml razor 视图中.例如.

This usually happens in the _LoginPartial.cshtml razor view. Eg.

@inject UserManager<IdentityUser> userManager

必须改为

@inject UserManager<MyUserStore> userManager

同样适用于 SignInManager.

当为 AspNetCore Identity 注册您自己的 MyUserStore(坏名，应该是 MyUser)时，UserManager<>类型将作为 UserManager 注册到 ServiceCollection.

When registering your own MyUserStore (bad name, should be MyUser) for the AspNetCore Identity, the UserManager<> type will be registered to the ServiceCollection as UserManager<MyUserStore>.

每当您想要解析 UserManager<> 时，请将在您的启动中注册的身份用户模型指定为类型参数. 这将是 UserManager<>MyUserStore> 在您的特定情况下:

Whenever you want to resolve the UserManager<>, specify the identity user model registered in your startup as the type parameter. Which would be UserManager<MyUserStore> in your specific case:

或者类似地，在其他类中解析它时，例如在您的 Seeder 服务中.您的异常的调用堆栈应该会提示您发生这种情况.

Or like-wise, when resolving it inside other classes, as may be the case in your Seeder service. The call stack of your exception should give you a hint of where this is happening.

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