Visual Studio 2017 csproj .NET Core 构建 - 未正确复制视图 [英] Visual Studio 2017 csproj .NET Core build - views not being copied correctly

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问题描述

我有一个在 .NET Core 中运行的项目，我使用 VS2017 作为 IDE.

I have a project running in .NET Core and I am using VS2017 as IDE.

当我通过 Visual Studio 2017 构建我的项目时，它不会自动将 Views 文件夹和 wwwroot 文件夹添加到 [projectRoot]/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.1/win10-x64 的输出中(BuildDir).这意味着，如果我尝试直接从 bin 文件夹中创建的 .exe 文件 运行我的网站，我会收到缺少 views 和 wwwroot.如果我手动将这些文件夹复制到 BuildDir，则视图会正确加载.

When I build my project through Visual Studio 2017 it does not automatically add the Views folder and the wwwroot folder to the output in [projectRoot]/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.1/win10-x64(BuildDir). This means that if I try to run my website directly from the .exe file created in the bin folder, I get an error with the missing views and wwwroot. If I manually copy these folders to the BuildDir then the views load correctly.

我可以在我的 .csproj 文件中使用以下内容进行设置:

This I can setup in my .csproj file with the following:

<Content Update="Views**">
  <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</Content>

然后 Views 工作，但现在我的布局文件没有被编译，所以我得到以下内容:

And then the Views work but now my layout file is not being compiled so I get the following:

<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>@ViewData["Title"] - FirstAgenda</title>

    <environment names="Development">
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="~/lib/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.css" />
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="~/css/site.css"/>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="~/css/overwrite.css" asp-append-version="true" />
    </environment>
    <environment names="Staging,Production">
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css"
              asp-fallback-href="~/lib/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"
              asp-fallback-test-class="sr-only" asp-fallback-test-property="position" asp-fallback-test-value="absolute" />
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="~/css/site.min.css" asp-append-version="true" />
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="~/css/overwrite.css" asp-append-version="true" />
    </environment>
</head>

这意味着我的根文件夹没有被正确定位.而且有点告诉我，只是将文件复制到输出目录是不正确的.

This means that my root folder is not being targeted correctly. And also kinda tells me that just copying the files to the output directory is incorrect.

如果我发布我的应用程序(也没有添加到 .csproj 文件)，上述所有内容都可以正常工作.我只有一个项目运行器，我希望能够指向我网站可执行文件的 Debug 版本，因为与仅使用 VS2017 构建项目相比，很容易忘记发布.

All of the above is working if I do a publish of my application (also without the addition to the .csproj file). I just have a project runner that I would like to be able to point to the Debug version of my websites executable file, because it is very easy to forget to do a publish compared to just building the project with VS2017.

我只是不知道从哪里开始，任何帮助将不胜感激?

I just don't know where to go from this and any help will be appreciated?

添加了 csproj 的精简版(不起作用):

Added the stripped down version of csproj (which does not work):

<Project ToolsVersion="15.0" Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp1.1</TargetFramework>
    <PreserveCompilationContext>true</PreserveCompilationContext>
    <RuntimeIdentifier>win10-x64</RuntimeIdentifier>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="4.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Design" Version="1.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.EnvironmentVariables" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.UserSecrets" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc" Version="1.1.2" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.MicrosoftAccount" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Google" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.WebSockets" Version="1.0.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Design" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Design" Version="1.1.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.DotNet" Version="1.1.0-preview4-final" />
    <PackageReference Include="IdentityServer4" Version="1.3.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="IdentityServer4.AspNetIdentity" Version="1.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="IdentityServer4.EntityFramework" Version="1.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="OctoPack" Version="3.5.2" />
    <PackageReference Include="Serilog.Extensions.Logging.File" Version="1.0.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor.ViewCompilation" Version="1.1.0" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools.DotNet">
      <Version>1.1.0-preview4-final</Version>
    </DotNetCliToolReference>
    <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.SecretManager.Tools">
      <Version>1.0.0-msbuild1-final</Version>
    </DotNetCliToolReference>
    <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Tools">
      <Version>1.0.0-msbuild1-final</Version>
    </DotNetCliToolReference>
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..[OWNPROJECT]" />
    <ProjectReference Include="..[OWNPROJECT1]" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

还尝试使用 dotnet new mvc

而且它也不起作用.

我的 dotnet core cli 版本是 [1.0.1].

My dotnet core cli version is [1.0.1].

我按照您概述的步骤进行了操作.我还尝试使用 dotnet new mvc 创建一个新项目并按照您的步骤操作.两者都给了我同样的错误.它无法找到 appsettings.json.如果我然后将 propertygroup 添加到 .csproj.这告诉 msbuild 将 appsettings.json 和 web.config 复制到输出

I followed the steps you outlined. I also tried to create a new project with dotnet new mvc and followed your steps. Both gave me the same errors. It was unable to find the appsettings.json. If I then add a propertygroup to the .csproj. That tells msbuild to copy appsettings.json and web.config to the output

<ItemGroup>
  <Content Update="appsettings.json;web.config">
    <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
  </Content>
</ItemGroup>

然后我可以通过 exe 启动程序，但是当我访问索引时，然后当我尝试访问它给我的其中一个视图时:

I can then start the program through the exe, but when I access the index, then when I try to access one of the views it gives me:

Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware[0]
    An unhandled exception has occurred while executing the request
    System.InvalidOperationException: The view 'Index' was not found. The following locations were searched:
  /Views/Home/Index.cshtml
  /Views/Shared/Index.cshtml

更新:

Shaun Lutins 的回答似乎对我有用.都有构建和发布选项.唯一的问题是我收到了一个错误:

Shaun Lutins answer seems to be working for me. Both with build and publish options. Only problem was that I was getting an error:

包含重复的内容"项目.默认情况下，.NET SDK 包括项目目录中的内容"项.

但是通过更改以下内容解决了:

But it was resolved by changing the following:

<ItemGroup>                                                                            
   <Content Include="appsettings.json" CopyToOutputDirectory="Always" />
   <Content Include="Views***" CopyToOutputDirectory="Always" />
   <Content Include="wwwroot***" CopyToOutputDirectory="Always" />
</ItemGroup>

到

<ItemGroup>                                                                            
   <Content Update="appsettings.json;web.config" CopyToOutputDirectory="PreserveNewest"/>
   <Content Update="Views***" CopyToOutputDirectory="PreserveNewest" />
   <Content Update="wwwroot***" CopyToOutputDirectory="PreserveNewest" />
</ItemGroup>

推荐答案

我所理解的挑战是运行 dotnet build 并能够从任何地方执行编译的 EXE. 答案需要两个步骤:

The challenge as I have interpreted it is to run dotnet build and be able to execute the compiled EXE from anywhere. The answer requires two steps:

  1. 将所需的内容复制到 bin 中，然后
  2. 设置相对于 bin 的 ContentRoot 和 WebRoot.

首先修改csproj，将需要的内容复制到bin中.开箱即用，dotnet build 不会将视图、appsettings.json 或 wwwroot 复制到 bin.所以，我们需要明确指定CopyToOutputDirectory；为此，我们还需要将 EnableDefaultContentItems 设置为 false，否则我们的显式设置将重复默认内容项设置.

First, modify the csproj to copy required content to the bin. Out of the box, dotnet build does not copy Views, appsettings.json, or wwwroot to the bin. So, we need to specify CopyToOutputDirectory explicitly; and to do that, we also need to set EnableDefaultContentItems to false, otherwise our explicit settings will duplicate the default content item settings.

第二，修改Program.cs，指定新的ContentRoot和WebRoot.开箱即用，Program.cs 设置 UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()).对于我们的情况有问题的是，当前目录是我们运行可执行文件的目录.因此，如果我们从桌面的命令行运行 EXE，那么当前目录将是 C:/Users/MyUser/Desktop.该应用程序将找不到视图、appsettings.json 和其他内容.

Second, modify Program.cs to specify the new ContentRoot and WebRoot. Out of the box, Program.cs sets UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()). Problematically for our situation, the current directory is the directory from which we run the executable. So, if we run the EXE from the command line at our desktop, then the current directory will be C:/Users/MyUser/Desktop. The app will not find the Views, appsettings.json, and other content.

以下是我用来迎接挑战的一些工作步骤，正如我所解释的那样.

Here are some working steps that I have used to meet the challenge as I have interpreted it.

  1. cd C: emp
  2. dotnet new mvc
  3. 使用Working csproj"XML 更新 temp.csproj.
  4. 使用Working Program.cs"代码更新 Program.cs.
  5. dotnet restore
  6. dotnet 构建
  7. cd ..
  8. 从任何地方，运行C: empinDebug etcoreapp1.0win10-x64 emp.exe
  1. cd C: emp
  2. dotnet new mvc
  3. Update the temp.csproj with the "Working csproj" XML.
  4. Update the Program.cs with the "Working Program.cs" code.
  5. dotnet restore
  6. dotnet build
  7. cd ..
  8. From anywhere, run C: empinDebug etcoreapp1.0win10-x64 emp.exe

工作 csproj

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">                                                    

  <PropertyGroup>                                                                        
    <TargetFramework>netcoreapp1.0</TargetFramework>                                     
    <RuntimeIdentifier>win10-x64</RuntimeIdentifier>                                     
    <OutputType>exe</OutputType>                                                         
    <EnableDefaultContentItems>false</EnableDefaultContentItems>
  </PropertyGroup>                                                                       

  <ItemGroup>                                                                            
     <Content Include="appsettings.json" CopyToOutputDirectory="Always" />
     <Content Include="Views***" CopyToOutputDirectory="Always" />
     <Content Include="wwwroot***" CopyToOutputDirectory="Always" />
  </ItemGroup>                                                                           

  <ItemGroup>                                                                            

     <!-- Package references omitted for clarity -->

  </ItemGroup>                                                                           

</Project>

工作程序.cs

public class Program
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // C:	empinDebug
etcoreapp1.0win10-x64	emp.dll            
        var assemblyFilePath = 
            System.Reflection.Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().Location;

        // C:	empinDebug
etcoreapp1.0win10-x64
        var binDirectory = 
            System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(assemblyFilePath);

        Console.WriteLine(assemblyFilePath);
        Console.WriteLine(binDirectory);

        var host = new WebHostBuilder()
            .UseKestrel()
            .UseContentRoot(binDirectory) // <--
            .UseWebRoot("wwwroot") // <--
            .UseIISIntegration()
            .UseStartup<Startup>()
            .Build();

        host.Run();
    }
}

这篇关于Visual Studio 2017 csproj .NET Core 构建 - 未正确复制视图的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！

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