找不到不使用 GL11Ext 进行绘图的 android 2d opengl sprite 类的合适示例 [英] Can't find suitable example for android 2d opengl sprite class which does not use GL11Ext for drawing
问题描述
正如 SpriteMethodTest 所说，绘制精灵的方法有很多种.首先，我尝试了 canvas，但遇到了一些性能问题.接下来，我决定学习opengl.我使用 GL11Ext 扩展取得了我的第一个成就.但是，您知道默认情况下，当您绘制纹理时，它们会翻转并且 x 和 y 轴在设备屏幕的左下角(在横向模式下)为零，这与画布不同，但您不能旋转精灵.
As SpriteMethodTest says there are many ways for drawing sprites. Firstly, I tried canvas, and had some performance problems. Next, I decided to learn opengl. I made my first achievements using GL11Ext extension. However, you know by default, that when you draw textures they become flipped and the x and y axis have zero on the bottom left corner of the device screen (in landscape mode), not like the canvas, but you cannot rotate sprites.
然后，我尝试使用 GLU look at 影响此轴视图，但没有效果.接下来，我想旋转我的精灵，但正如他们所说，由于 GL11Ext，我没有任何效果.
Then, I tried to affect this axis view using GLU look at, but it had no effect. Next, I wanted to rotate my sprites, but I had no effect due to the GL11Ext, as they say.
所以我现在有主要的stackoverflow情况，基本问题是:
So I have major stackoverflow condition now and the basic question is:
使用哪种方法来实现对精灵的缩放、旋转和弹跳效果以及以旧的甜蜜方式查看 X 和 Y 轴 [(0,0) 位于左上角景观模式]?**
Which method to use to achieve ZOOMING, ROTATING and BOUNCING effects on sprites and for LOOKING AT X AND Y AXIS IN OLD SWEET WAY [(0,0) IS ON TOP LEFT IN LANDSCAPE MODE] ?**
宇宙中是否有一些精灵类示例仅使用一种精灵渲染的好方法?(SpriteMethodTest 让我很困惑)
AND IS THERE SOME SPRITE CLASS EXAMPLE IN THE UNIVERSE WHICH USES ONLY 1 GOOD WAY OF SPRITE RENDERING ? (SpriteMethodTest confuses me much)
推荐答案
EVRIKA !!!
我几乎要自杀了！离开 Canvas 3 天后，学习 OpenGL 方法实现游戏引擎.
I was allmost killing myself ! after 3 days of leaving Canvas and learning OpenGL methods to implement game engine.
网络上充斥着满是垃圾的 OpenGL 教程，其中许多教程尚未完成，其中许多教程会导致 2D OpenGL 游戏引擎实现方法错误.最大的错误在于使用 G11Ext 制作游戏.因为它们不旋转:D
The web is full of OpenGL tutorials full of trash and many of them are unfinished and many of them lead to wrong way for 2D OpenGL game engine implementation methotds. The big wrong point is using G11Ext for making games. AS THEY DONT ROTATE : D
然后我从其他教程中找到了这个教程，我从 youtube 游戏示例视频链接中找到了:
Annd annd then i found this tutorial from other tutorial which i found from youtube game sample video link lol:
不要混淆这里的观众
第 1 章:http://obviam.net/index.php/opengl-es-with-android-switching-from-canvas-to-opengl/
第 2 章:http://obviam.net/index.php/opengl-es-android-displaying-graphical-elements-primitives/
就在 15 分钟前，我发现了我可以使用其精灵旋转、移动和调整形状的方法！！！哈哈
Annd just 15 minutes ago I discovered the way I can ROTATE, MOVE AND RESIZE shapes with its sprites ! ! ! hahah
因此，许多读者在阅读了这篇伟大的教程后都在询问如何移动、调整大小和旋转精灵.所以我从这些乱七八糟的例子和教程中找出了一些代码:
So as many of readers are asking after reading this GREAT tutorial how to move and resize and rotate sprites. So i worked out some code from this mess of examples and tutorials:
这个类用于一些顶点操作
This class is used for some vertex manipulations
public class Vertex
{
public FloatBuffer buffer; // buffer holding the vertices
public float vertex[];
public Vertex (float[] vertex)
{
this.vertex = vertex;
this.prepare ();
}
private void prepare ()
{
// a float has 4 bytes so we allocate for each coordinate 4 bytes
ByteBuffer factory = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect (vertex.length * 4);
factory.order (ByteOrder.nativeOrder ());
// allocates the memory from the byte buffer
buffer = factory.asFloatBuffer ();
// fill the vertexBuffer with the vertices
buffer.put (vertex);
// set the cursor position to the beginning of the buffer
buffer.position (0);
}
}
该类用于绘制带有纹理的形状，可以移动旋转和定位
and this class is used for drawing shape with texture able to move rotate and position
public class Square
{
Vertex shape,texture;
int corner=0;
float x=0;
public Square()
{
shape = new Vertex (new float[]
{
1f,1f,0f,
0f,1f,0f,
1f,0f,0f,
0f,0f,0f,
});
texture = new Vertex (new float[]
{
1.0f, 0.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f,
1.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 1.0f,
});
}
/** The draw method for the square with the GL context */
public void draw (GL10 gl, int image, float x, float y, float width, float height, float corner)
{
if (corner>=0)
{
corner += 1;
}
if (corner>360)
{
corner = -1;
}
gl.glPushMatrix();
x += 1f;
if (x>800)
{
x = 0;
}
position (gl, 0, 0, width, height, corner);
// bind the previously generated texture
gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, image);
// Point to our buffers
gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
// set the colour for the square
gl.glColor4f (0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f);
// Set the face rotation
gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CW);
// Point to our vertex buffer
gl.glVertexPointer (3, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, shape.buffer);
gl.glTexCoordPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, texture.buffer);
// Draw the vertices as triangle strip
gl.glDrawArrays (GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, shape.vertex.length / 3);
// Disable the client state before leaving
gl.glDisableClientState (GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);
gl.glPopMatrix();
}
public void position (GL10 gl, float x, float y, float width, float height, float corner)
{
gl.glTranslatef (x, y, 0f); //MOVE !!! 1f is size of figure if called after scaling, 1f is pixel if called before scaling
if (corner>0)
{
gl.glTranslatef (width/2, height/2, 0f);
gl.glRotatef (corner, 0f, 0f, 1f); // ROTATE !!!
gl.glTranslatef (-width/2, -height/2, 0f);
}
gl.glScalef (width, height, 0f); // ADJUST SIZE !!!
}
}
以及如何设置相机使 1 个 opengl 单元 == 1 像素以及如何加载纹理的主要内容
and the main thing how to set camera so that 1 opengl unit == 1 pixel annd how to load textures
public class Scene implements Renderer
{
public Context context;
public Resources resources;
public SparseIntArray images = new SparseIntArray ();
public float width;
public float height;
public Scene (Context context)
{
this.context = context;
this.resources = context.getResources ();
}
@Override
public void onDrawFrame (GL10 gl)
{
// // clear Screen and Depth Buffer
gl.glClear (GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);
// // Reset the Modelview Matrix
gl.glLoadIdentity ();
draw (gl);
}
@Override
public void onSurfaceChanged (GL10 gl, int width, int height)
{
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
gl.glViewport (0, 0, width, height); // Reset The Current Viewport
gl.glMatrixMode (GL10.GL_PROJECTION); // Select The Projection Matrix
gl.glLoadIdentity (); // Reset The Projection Matrix
gl.glOrthof (0, width, 0, height, -1f, 1f);
//gl.glTranslatef (0f, -height/2, 0.0f); // move the camera !!
gl.glMatrixMode (GL10.GL_MODELVIEW); // Select The Modelview Matrix
gl.glLoadIdentity (); // Reset The Modelview Matrix
load (gl);
}
public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config)
{
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D); //Enable Texture Mapping ( NEW )
gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH); //Enable Smooth Shading
gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f); //Black Background
gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f); //Depth Buffer Setup
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST); //Enables Depth Testing
gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL); //The Type Of Depth Testing To Do
gl.glBlendFunc(GL10.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL10.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_BLEND);
//Really Nice Perspective Calculations
gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_NICEST);
init (gl);
}
public void init (GL10 gl)
{
}
public void load (GL10 gl)
{
}
public void draw (GL10 gl)
{
}
private static int next (GL10 gl)
{
int[] temp = new int[1];
gl.glGenTextures (1, temp, 0);
return temp[0];
}
public int image (GL10 gl, int resource)
{
int id = next (gl);
images.put (resource, id);
gl.glBindTexture (GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, id);
gl.glTexParameterf (GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR);
gl.glTexParameterf (GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR);
gl.glTexParameterf (GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL10.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
gl.glTexParameterf (GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL10.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
gl.glTexEnvf (GL10.GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL10.GL_REPLACE);
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options ();
options.inScaled = false;
InputStream input = resources.openRawResource (resource);
Bitmap bitmap;
try
{
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream (input, null, options);
}
finally
{
try
{
input.close ();
}
catch (IOException e)
{
// Ignore.
}
}
// Matrix flip = new Matrix ();
// flip.postScale (1f, -1f);
// bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap (bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.getWidth (), bitmap.getHeight (), flip, true);
GLUtils.texImage2D (GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, bitmap, 0);
return id;
}
}
和一些用法
public class Scene2 extends Scene
{
Square square1, square2;
public Scene2(Context context)
{
super (context);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public void init (GL10 gl)
{
square1 = new Square ();
square2 = new Square ();
}
public void load (GL10 gl)
{
image (gl, R.drawable.s1_clouds);
image (gl, R.drawable.s1_ground);
}
public void draw (GL10 gl)
{
square1.draw (gl, images.get(R.drawable.s1_clouds), 0, 0, width, height, 0);
square1.draw (gl, images.get(R.drawable.s1_ground), 0, 0, width, height, 0);
}
}
这里我想实现和实现的主要内容是 X 和 Y 轴就像在画布中一样:
the main thing here i wanted to implement and implemented is that the X and Y axis are like in canvas:
(0,0)
--------------------------------- X axis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y axis
在这之后我会写一些完整的教程，我想宣布我实现了我想要实现的所有目标，即:X 轴在顶部，Y 轴在左侧，opengl 单位 = 像素，以像素为单位设置对象的大小，旋转object，以像素为单位移动对象的所有内容.现在我将处理动画精灵并将它们制作成更精细的类，这就是新的 2d opengl 游戏框架基础...
I ll write some full tutorial after this and I like to announce that i achieved all goals i wanted to achieve i.e: X axis on top, Y axis on left, opengl unit = pixel, set size of object in pixels, rotate object, move object everything in pixels. now i ll handle animating sprites and make them in finer classes and thats the new 2d opengl game framework basis...
发现这个函数帮助我学习了http://www.morrowland.com/围裙/教程/gl/gl_matrix.php
discovering this functions helped me tutorial http://www.morrowland.com/apron/tutorials/gl/gl_matrix.php
非常感谢这个博客为我指出了唯一正确的方法......
So many thanks to this blog for pointing me out the only true way...
1 周内 +1 android 最简单的 2d opengl 游戏引擎...
+1 android simpliest 2d opengl game engine in 1 week...
好开心……
:P
一年后我有了一个不错的框架 https://github.com/hazardland/game.android 使用此处描述的概念和示例游戏以及此处的任何可能的框架使用示例https://github.com/hazardland/ferry.android(查看市场上的屏幕https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=hazardland.borani)
After year I have a nice framework https://github.com/hazardland/game.android using concepts described here and sample game with any possible framework usage examples here https://github.com/hazardland/ferry.android (view screens on market https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=hazardland.borani)
这篇关于找不到不使用 GL11Ext 进行绘图的 android 2d opengl sprite 类的合适示例的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
