使用反射在抽象类中创建一个实例 [英] Create an instance within Abstract Class using Reflection

问题描述

是否可以使用反射在抽象祖先类中创建派生类的实例让我们说:

Is it possible to create an instance of a derived class in abstract ancestor class using reflection Lets say:

abstract class Base {

public Base createInstance(){
  //using reflection
    Class<?> c = this.getClass();
    Constructor<?> ctor = c.getConstructor();
    return ((Base) ctor.newInstance());
}

}//end Base

class Derived extends Base {

 main(){

new Derived().createInstance()

 }

}

推荐答案

你可以这样做

public class Derived extends Base {
    public static void main(String ... args) {
        System.out.println(new Derived().createInstance());
    }
}

abstract class Base {
    public Base createInstance() {
        //using reflection
        try {
            return getClass().asSubclass(Base.class).newInstance();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new AssertionError(e);
        }
    }
}

印刷品

Derived@55fe910c

更常见的模式是使用 Cloneable

A more common pattern is to use Cloneable

public class Derived extends Base {
    public static void main(String ... args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        System.out.println(new Derived().clone());
    }
}

abstract class Base implements Cloneable {
    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}

印刷品

Derived@8071a97

但是，应该避免使用任何一种.通常有另一种方法可以满足您的需求，这样基类就不会隐含地依赖于派生类.

However, the need to use either should be avoided. Usually there is another way to do what you need so that base doesn't not implicitly depend on derived.

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