Spring Boot，具有多个数据源的 Spring Data JPA [英] Spring Boot, Spring Data JPA with multiple DataSources

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 Spring Boot 和 Spring Data JPA 将每个 @Repositories 连接到不同的数据源.我使用了以下内容，http://xantorohara.blogspot.com/2013/11/spring-boot-jdbc-with-multiple.html，作为参考.这是我尝试使用 Spring Data JPA 实现类似解决方案时使用的代码.

I'm trying to connect each @Repositories to different DataSource(s) with Spring Boot and Spring Data JPA. I used the following, http://xantorohara.blogspot.com/2013/11/spring-boot-jdbc-with-multiple.html, as a referrence. Here is the code I am using in an attempt to implement a similar solution using Spring Data JPA.

CustomerDbConfig.java(第一个数据源连接)

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "orderEntityManager",
        transactionManagerRef = "orderTransactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mm.repository.customer"})
public class CustomerDbConfig {

    @Bean(name = "customerEntityManager")
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(){
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        em.setDataSource(dataSource());
        em.setPackagesToScan(new String[] {"com.mm.domain.customer"});

        JpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        em.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);
        em.setJpaProperties(additionalJpaProperties());
        em.setPersistenceUnitName("customerPersistence");
        em.setPackagesToScan("com.mm.domain.customer");

        return em;
    }

    Properties additionalJpaProperties(){
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create-drop");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "true");

        return properties;
    }

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        return DataSourceBuilder.create()
                .url("jdbc:h2:mem:customer:H2")
                .driverClassName("org.h2.Driver")
                .username("sa")
                .password("")
                .build();
    }   

    @Bean(name = "customerTransactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory emf){
        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(emf);

        return transactionManager;
    }
}

CustomerDbConfig.java(第二个数据源)

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "orderEntityManager",
        transactionManagerRef = "orderTransactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mm.repository.customer"})
public class CustomerDbConfig {

    @Bean(name = "customerEntityManager")
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(){
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean em = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        em.setDataSource(dataSource());
        em.setPackagesToScan(new String[] {"com.mm.domain.customer"});

        JpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
        em.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);
        em.setJpaProperties(additionalJpaProperties());
        em.setPersistenceUnitName("customerPersistence");
        em.setPackagesToScan("com.mm.domain.customer");

        return em;
    }

    Properties additionalJpaProperties(){
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create-drop");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect");
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "true");

        return properties;
    }

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        return DataSourceBuilder.create()
                .url("jdbc:h2:mem:customer:H2")
                .driverClassName("org.h2.Driver")
                .username("sa")
                .password("")
                .build();
    }   

    @Bean(name = "customerTransactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(EntityManagerFactory emf){
        JpaTransactionManager transactionManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setEntityManagerFactory(emf);

        return transactionManager;
    }
}

Customer.java(模型)

@Entity
@Table(name = "customer")
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(exclude = {"id"})
public class Customer {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "name", nullable = false)
    private String name;

    @Column(name = "age", nullable = false)
    private Integer age;

....

Order.java(模型)

@Entity
@Table(name = "order")
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(exclude = {"id"})
public class Order {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "code", nullable = false)
    private Integer code;

    @Column(name = "quality", nullable = false)
    private Integer quality;

...

CustomerRepository.java

public interface CustomerRepository extends JpaRepository<Customer, Integer>{

}

OrderRepository.java

public interface OrderRepository extends JpaRepository<Order, Integer> {

}

最后，Application.java

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Application extends SpringApplication{

       public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
        }

        @Bean
        public ServletRegistrationBean h2Console() {
            ServletRegistrationBean reg = new ServletRegistrationBean(new WebServlet(), "/console/*");
            reg.setLoadOnStartup(1);
            return reg;
        }
}

在启动过程中抛出以下异常:

During start the following exceptions are thrown:

-10-10 15:45:24.757 ERROR 1549 --- [           main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Application startup failed

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'customerTransactionManager' defined in class path resource [com/mm/boot/multidb/CustomerConfig.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 0 of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory]: : No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:747)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1095)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:990)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:298)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:706)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:762)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:109)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:691)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:952)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:941)
    at com.mm.boot.multidb.Application.main(Application.java:17)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:974)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:862)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:811)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:739)
    ... 18 common frames omitted

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'customerTransactionManager' defined in class path resource [com/mm/boot/multidb/CustomerConfig.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 0 of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory]: : No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:747)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1095)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:990)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:504)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:298)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:706)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:762)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:109)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:691)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:952)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:941)
    at com.mm.boot.multidb.Application.main(Application.java:17)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: customerEntityManager,orderEntityManager
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:974)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:862)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:811)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:739)
    ... 18 more

示例的完整代码可以在 GitHub 上找到 (https://github.com/tonym2105/samples/tree/master/boot-multidb-sample)

Full code for the sample can be found on GitHub (https://github.com/tonym2105/samples/tree/master/boot-multidb-sample)

预先感谢您的帮助.

推荐答案

还有另一种方法可以使用@EnableAutoConfiguration 和 application.properties 来拥有多个数据源.

There is another way to have multiple dataSources by using @EnableAutoConfiguration and application.properties.

基本上将多个数据源配置信息放在 application.properties 上，并通过@EnableAutoConfiguration 为第一个数据源自动生成默认设置(数据源和实体管理器工厂).但是对于下一个数据源，通过属性文件中的信息手动创建数据源、实体管理器工厂和事务管理器.

Basically put multiple dataSource configuration info on application.properties and generate default setup (dataSource and entityManagerFactory) automatically for first dataSource by @EnableAutoConfiguration. But for next dataSource, create dataSource, entityManagerFactory and transactionManager all manually by the info from property file.

下面是我设置两个数据源的示例.第一个数据源由@EnableAutoConfiguration 设置，它只能分配给一个配置，而不是多个.这将通过DataSourceTransactionManager 生成'transactionManager'，看起来是由注释生成的默认transactionManager.但是，我已经看到事务没有从调度线程池的线程上开始问题，仅适用于默认的 DataSourceTransactionManager 以及当有多个事务管理器时.因此，我通过 JpaTransactionManager 手动创建 transactionManager，也为第一个数据源分配了transactionManager"bean 名称和默认 entityManagerFactory.第一个数据源的 JpaTransactionManager 肯定解决了 ScheduledThreadPool 线程上的奇怪事务问题.

Below is my example to setup two dataSources. First dataSource is setup by @EnableAutoConfiguration which can be assigned only for one configuration, not multiple. And that will generate 'transactionManager' by DataSourceTransactionManager, that looks default transactionManager generated by the annotation. However I have seen the transaction not beginning issue on the thread from scheduled thread pool only for the default DataSourceTransactionManager and also when there are multiple transaction managers. So I create transactionManager manually by JpaTransactionManager also for the first dataSource with assigning 'transactionManager' bean name and default entityManagerFactory. That JpaTransactionManager for first dataSource surely resolves the weird transaction issue on the thread from ScheduledThreadPool.

Spring Boot 1.3.0.RELEASE 更新

我发现我之前使用 @EnableAutoConfiguration 为默认数据源进行的配置在使用 Spring Boot 1.3 版本查找 entityManagerFactory 时存在问题.也许默认entityManagerFactory 不是由@EnableAutoConfiguration 生成的，在我引入我自己的transactionManager 之后.所以现在我自己创建 entityManagerFactory .所以我不需要使用@EntityScan.所以看起来我越来越远离@EnableAutoConfiguration 的设置.

I found my previous configuration with @EnableAutoConfiguration for default dataSource has issue on finding entityManagerFactory with Spring Boot 1.3 version. Maybe default entityManagerFactory is not generated by @EnableAutoConfiguration, once after I introduce my own transactionManager. So now I create entityManagerFactory by myself. So I don't need to use @EntityScan. So it looks I'm getting more and more out of the setup by @EnableAutoConfiguration.

第二个数据源是在没有@EnableAutoConfiguration 的情况下设置的，并通过手动方式创建anotherTransactionManager".

Second dataSource is setup without @EnableAutoConfiguration and create 'anotherTransactionManager' by manual way.

由于PlatformTransactionManager 有多个transactionManager 扩展，我们应该在每个@Transactional 注解上指定使用哪个transactionManager

Since there are multiple transactionManager extends from PlatformTransactionManager, we should specify which transactionManager to use on each @Transactional annotation

默认存储库配置

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactory",
        transactionManagerRef = "transactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mysource.repository"})
public class RepositoryConfig {
    @Autowired
    JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter;

    @Autowired
    DataSource dataSource;

    @Bean(name = "entityManager")
    public EntityManager entityManager() {
        return entityManagerFactory().createEntityManager();
    }

    @Primary
    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactory")
    public EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory() {
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emf = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        emf.setDataSource(dataSource);
        emf.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
        emf.setPackagesToScan("com.mysource.model");
        emf.setPersistenceUnitName("default");   // <- giving 'default' as name
        emf.afterPropertiesSet();
        return emf.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name = "transactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        JpaTransactionManager tm = new JpaTransactionManager();
        tm.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory());
        return tm;
    }
}

另一个存储库配置

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
        entityManagerFactoryRef = "anotherEntityManagerFactory",
        transactionManagerRef = "anotherTransactionManager",
        basePackages = {"com.mysource.anothersource.repository"})
public class AnotherRepositoryConfig {
    @Autowired
    JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter;

    @Value("${another.datasource.url}")
    private String databaseUrl;

    @Value("${another.datasource.username}")
    private String username;

    @Value("${another.datasource.password}")
    private String password;

    @Value("${another.dataource.driverClassName}")
    private String driverClassName;

    @Value("${another.datasource.hibernate.dialect}")
    private String dialect;

    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource(databaseUrl, username, password);
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(driverClassName);
        return dataSource;
    }

    @Bean(name = "anotherEntityManager")
    public EntityManager entityManager() {
        return entityManagerFactory().createEntityManager();
    }

    @Bean(name = "anotherEntityManagerFactory")
    public EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory() {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", dialect);

        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emf = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        emf.setDataSource(dataSource());
        emf.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
        emf.setPackagesToScan("com.mysource.anothersource.model");   // <- package for entities
        emf.setPersistenceUnitName("anotherPersistenceUnit");
        emf.setJpaProperties(properties);
        emf.afterPropertiesSet();
        return emf.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name = "anotherTransactionManager")
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactory());
    }
}

application.properties

# database configuration
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:file:~/main-source;AUTO_SERVER=TRUE
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.continueOnError=true
spring.datasource.initialize=false

# another database configuration
another.datasource.url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=another;
another.datasource.username=username
another.datasource.password=
another.datasource.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2008Dialect 
another.datasource.driverClassName=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver

为@Transactional注解选择合适的transactionManager

Choose proper transactionManager for @Transactional annotation

第一个数据源的服务

@Service("mainService")
@Transactional("transactionManager")
public class DefaultDataSourceServiceImpl implements DefaultDataSourceService       
{

   //

}

另一个数据源的服务

@Service("anotherService")
@Transactional("anotherTransactionManager")
public class AnotherDataSourceServiceImpl implements AnotherDataSourceService 
{

   //

}

这篇关于Spring Boot，具有多个数据源的 Spring Data JPA的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！