为什么小程序在 JDK 9 中被弃用? [英] Why were applets deprecated in JDK 9?

问题描述

我最近在 Oracle 发表的一篇文章中读到，他们将在 JDK 9 中将 Applet 类标记为已弃用.我对小程序的经验很少；我只写了一些来了解基础知识.

I have recently read in an article posted by Oracle that they are going to mark the Applet class as deprecated in JDK 9. I have little experience with applets; I have only written some to understand the basics.

为什么它们不受欢迎，它们被弃用的主要原因是什么?

Why are they unpopular, and what is the main reason for their deprecation?

推荐答案

小程序在几年前非常流行，但现在浏览器世界发生了变化，安全性正成为所有主要浏览器供应商的主要关注点.

Applets were very popular a couple of years ago, but now the browser world changed and security is becoming a major focus for all major browser vendors.

Java 团队在文档从 Java Applet 迁移到无插件 Java 技术.在第 4 页上，有以下执行概览:

The Java team gave its complete set or reasons, alternatives etc. in the document Migrating from Java Applets to plugin-free Java technologies. On page 4, there is the following Executive Overview:

随着现代浏览器供应商努力限制或减少其产品中对 Flash、Silverlight 和 Java 等插件的支持，依赖 Java 浏览器插件的应用程序开发人员需要考虑替代选项.目前依赖浏览器插件的 Java 开发人员应该考虑从 Java Applet 迁移到无插件的 Java Web Start 技术.

With modern browser vendors working to restrict or reduce the support of plugins like Flash, Silverlight and Java in their products, developers of applications that rely on the Java browser plugin need to consider alternative options. Java developers currently relying on browser plugins should consider migrating from Java Applets to the plugin-free Java Web Start technology.

只有在浏览器供应商承诺支持基于标准的插件时，才能在浏览器中支持 Java.到 2015 年底，许多浏览器供应商要么删除了要么宣布了删除基于标准的插件支持的时间表，而一些则引入了专有的浏览器特定扩展 API.因此，Oracle 计划在 JDK 9 中弃用 Java 浏览器插件.

Supporting Java in browsers is only possible for as long as browser vendors are committed to supporting standards based plugins. By late 2015, many browser vendors had either removed or announced timelines for the removal of standards based plugin support, while some are introducing proprietary browser-specific extension APIs. Consequently, Oracle is planning to deprecate the Java browser plugin in JDK 9.

在未来的 Java 版本 TBD 中，弃用的插件技术将从 Oracle Java 开发工具包 (JDK) 和 Java 运行时环境 (JRE) 中完全删除.Java Web Start 应用程序不依赖浏览器插件，不会受到这些变化的影响.

The deprecated plugin technology will be completely removed from the Oracle Java Development Kit (JDK) and Java Runtime Environment (JRE) in a future Java release TBD. Java Web Start applications do not rely on a browser plugin and will not be affected by these changes.

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