使用 Gradle 时如何排除传递依赖项的所有实例? [英] How do I exclude all instances of a transitive dependency when using Gradle?

问题描述

我的 gradle 项目使用 application 插件来构建一个 jar 文件.作为运行时传递依赖项的一部分，我最终引入了 org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12.(它在至少 5 或 6 个其他传递依赖项中被称为子传递依赖项 - 该项目使用的是 spring 和 hadoop，所以除了厨房水槽之外的所有东西都被拉进来了……不用等……那也是:)).

My gradle project uses the application plugin to build a jar file. As part of the runtime transitive dependencies, I end up pulling in org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12. (It's referenced as a sub-transitive dependency in at least 5 or 6 other transitive dependencies - this project is using spring and hadoop, so everything but the kitchen sink is getting pulled in... no wait... that's there too :) ).

我想从我构建的 jar 中全局排除 slf4j-log4j12 jar.所以我试过这个:

I want to globally exclude the slf4j-log4j12 jar from my built jar. So I've tried this:

configurations {
  runtime.exclude group: "org.slf4j", name: "slf4j-log4j12"
}

然而，这似乎排除了所有 org.slf4j 工件，包括 slf4j-api.在调试模式下运行时，我看到如下几行:

However, this seems to exclude all org.slf4j artifacts including slf4j-api. When running under debug mode I see lines such as:

org.slf4j#slf4j-api is excluded from com.pivotal.gfxd:gfxd-demo-mapreduce:1.0(runtime).
org.slf4j#slf4j-simple is excluded from com.pivotal.gfxd:gfxd-demo-mapreduce:1.0(runtime).
org.slf4j#slf4j-log4j12 is excluded from org.apache.hadoop:hadoop-common:2.2.0(runtime).

我不想查找每个 slf4j-log4j12 传递依赖的源代码，然后在其中使用单独的 compile foo { exclude slf4j... } 语句我的 dependencies 块.

I do not want to have to look up the source of each slf4j-log4j12 transitive dependency and then have individual compile foo { exclude slf4j... } statements in my dependencies block.

更新:

我也试过这个:

configurations {
  runtime.exclude name: "slf4j-log4j12"
}

最终从构建中排除所有内容！好像我指定了 group: "*".

Which ends up excluding everything from the build! As though I specified group: "*".

更新 2:

为此我使用 Gradle 1.10 版.

I'm using Gradle version 1.10 for this.

推荐答案

啊，下面的工作和我想要的一样:

Ah, the following works and does what I want:

configurations {
  runtime.exclude group: "org.slf4j", module: "slf4j-log4j12"
}

似乎有一个 排除规则 只有两个属性 - group 和 module.但是，上述语法并不阻止您将任意属性指定为谓词.尝试从单个依赖项中排除时，您不能指定任意属性.例如，这失败了:

It seems that an Exclude Rule only has two attributes - group and module. However, the above syntax doesn't prevent you from specifying any arbitrary property as a predicate. When trying to exclude from an individual dependency you cannot specify arbitrary properties. For example, this fails:

dependencies {
  compile ('org.springframework.data:spring-data-hadoop-core:2.0.0.M4-hadoop22') {
    exclude group: "org.slf4j", name: "slf4j-log4j12"
  }
}

与

No such property: name for class: org.gradle.api.internal.artifacts.DefaultExcludeRule

因此，即使您可以使用 group: 和 name: 指定依赖项，也不能使用 name: 指定排除项！?！

So even though you can specify a dependency with a group: and name: you can't specify an exclusion with a name:!?!

也许是一个单独的问题，但是究竟是什么模块呢?我可以理解 groupId:artifactId:version 的 Maven 概念，我理解它在 Gradle 中转换为 group:name:version.但是，我怎么知道特定 Maven 工件属于哪个模块(用 gradle 来说)?

Perhaps a separate question, but what exactly is a module then? I can understand the Maven notion of groupId:artifactId:version, which I understand translates to group:name:version in Gradle. But then, how do I know what module (in gradle-speak) a particular Maven artifact belongs to?

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