Python中的抽象方法 [英] Abstract methods in Python

问题描述

我在使用 Python 继承时遇到问题.虽然这个概念在 Java 中对我来说似乎太容易了，但到目前为止我一直无法在 Python 中理解，这至少让我感到惊讶.

我有一个原型如下:

class Shape():def __init__(self, shape_name):self.shape = shape_name类矩形(形状):def __init__(self, name):self.shape = 名称

在上面的代码中，如何创建一个需要为所有子类实现的抽象方法?

解决方案

沿着这些方向，使用 ABC

导入 abc类形状(对象):__元类__ = [e-mail] method_to_implement(self, input):"""方法文档"""返回

另请阅读此优秀教程:http://www.doughellmann.com/PyMOTW/abc/>

您还可以查看 zope.interface，它在 Python 中引入 ABC 之前使用过.

• http://pypi.python.org/pypi/zope.interface
• http://wiki.zope.org/Interfaces/FrontPage

I am having trouble in using inheritance with Python. While the concept seems too easy for me in Java yet up till now I have been unable to understand in Python which is surprising to me at least.

I have a prototype which follow:

class Shape():
   def __init__(self, shape_name):
       self.shape = shape_name

class Rectangle(Shape):
   def __init__(self, name):
       self.shape = name

In the above code how can I make an abstract method that would need to be implemented for all the subclasses?

解决方案

Something along these lines, using ABC

import abc

class Shape(object):
    __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def method_to_implement(self, input):
        """Method documentation"""
        return

Also read this good tutorial: http://www.doughellmann.com/PyMOTW/abc/

You can also check out zope.interface which was used prior to introduction of ABC in python.

• http://pypi.python.org/pypi/zope.interface
• http://wiki.zope.org/Interfaces/FrontPage

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