发送带附件的 PHP HTML 邮件 [英] Send PHP HTML mail with attachments

问题描述

我遇到了一个问题:直到今天，我使用包含

I got a problem: Until today, I sent HTML mails with PHP using a header which contains

Content-type: text/html;

现在，我添加了添加附件的功能.为此，我不得不将此行更改为

Now, I added functionality to add attachments. For this, I had to change this line to

Content-Type: multipart/mixed;

现在，使用multipart/mixed，邮件的其余部分，即普通文本，显示为文本/纯文本.我如何才能意识到附件有效而邮件文本仍然是 HTML?

Now, with multipart/mixed, the rest of the mail, so the normal text, gets shown just as text/plain. How can I realize that attachments work and the mailtext is still HTML?

推荐答案

要发送带有附件的电子邮件，我们需要使用 multipart/mixed MIME 类型，该类型指定将混合类型包含在电子邮件中.此外，我们想使用 multipart/alternative MIME 类型来发送电子邮件的纯文本和 HTML 版本.请看示例:

To send an email with attachment we need to use the multipart/mixed MIME type that specifies that mixed types will be included in the email. Moreover, we want to use multipart/alternative MIME type to send both plain-text and HTML version of the email.Have a look at the example:

<?php 
//define the receiver of the email 
$to = '[e-mail]'; 
//define the subject of the email 
$subject = 'Test email with attachment'; 
//create a boundary string. It must be unique 
//so we use the MD5 algorithm to generate a random hash 
$random_hash = md5(date('r', time())); 
//define the headers we want passed. Note that they are separated with 
 
$headers = "From: [e-mail]
Reply-To: [e-mail]"; 
//add boundary string and mime type specification 
$headers .= "
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="PHP-mixed-".$random_hash."""; 
//read the atachment file contents into a string,
//encode it with MIME base64,
//and split it into smaller chunks
$attachment = chunk_split(base64_encode(file_get_contents('attachment.zip'))); 
//define the body of the message. 
ob_start(); //Turn on output buffering 
?> 
--PHP-mixed-<?php echo $random_hash; ?>  
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="PHP-alt-<?php echo $random_hash; ?>" 

--PHP-alt-<?php echo $random_hash; ?>  
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" 
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Hello World!!! 
This is simple text email message. 

--PHP-alt-<?php echo $random_hash; ?>  
Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" 
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

<h2>Hello World!</h2> 
<p>This is something with <b>HTML</b> formatting.</p> 

--PHP-alt-<?php echo $random_hash; ?>-- 

--PHP-mixed-<?php echo $random_hash; ?>  
Content-Type: application/zip; name="attachment.zip"  
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64  
Content-Disposition: attachment  

<?php echo $attachment; ?> 
--PHP-mixed-<?php echo $random_hash; ?>-- 

<?php 
//copy current buffer contents into $message variable and delete current output buffer 
$message = ob_get_clean(); 
//send the email 
$mail_sent = @mail( $to, $subject, $message, $headers ); 
//if the message is sent successfully print "Mail sent". Otherwise print "Mail failed" 
echo $mail_sent ? "Mail sent" : "Mail failed"; 
?>

如您所见，发送带附件的电子邮件很容易完成.在前面的示例中，我们有 multipart/mixed MIME 类型，在其中我们有 multipart/alternative MIME 类型，它指定了电子邮件的两个版本.为了在我们的消息中包含附件，我们将指定文件中的数据读取为一个字符串，使用 base64 对其进行编码，将其拆分为较小的块以确保它符合 MIME 规范，然后将其作为附件包含在内.

As you can see, sending an email with attachment is easy to accomplish. In the preceding example we have multipart/mixed MIME type, and inside it we have multipart/alternative MIME type that specifies two versions of the email. To include an attachment to our message, we read the data from the specified file into a string, encode it with base64, split it in smaller chunks to make sure that it matches the MIME specifications and then include it as an attachment.

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