全局变量没有全局作用域 [英] Global variable does not have global scope

问题描述

supposedlyGlobalVariable := "blah"

ARoutine()
{
   localVariable := "asdf"
   MsgBox, The global variable value is %supposedlyGlobalVariable%.  The local variable value is %localVariable%.
}


^!X:: ;This assigns the hotkey CTRL + ALT + X to run the routine
ARoutine()
return

运行代码，结果为:

"The global variable value is .  The local variable value is asdf."

文档 指出:

变量范围和声明:局部变量除外在函数中，所有变量都是全局的；也就是说，它们的内容可能是由脚本的任何部分读取或更改.

Variable scope and declarations: With the exception of local variables in functions, all variables are global; that is, their contents may be read or altered by any part of the script.

为什么我的全局变量在函数内没有作用域?

Why does my global variable not have scope within the function?

推荐答案

全局变量的文档可以在这里找到:
https://autohotkey.com/docs/Functions.htm#Global

The documentation for global variables can be found here:
https://autohotkey.com/docs/Functions.htm#Global

全局变量

在函数内部引用现有的全局变量(或创建一个新的)，在使用它之前将变量声明为全局变量.为了例子:

To refer to an existing global variable inside a function (or create a new one), declare the variable as global prior to using it. For example:

LogToFile(TextToLog)
{
    global LogFileName
    FileAppend, %TextToLog%`n, %LogFileName%
}

我认为 AHK 中的 global 概念与其他语言中的略有不同.使用 AHK，您可以创建一个变量并在多个热键和子例程中使用它，而无需将其声明为全局变量.

I believe the concept of global, with AHK, is a bit different than in other languages. With AHK you can create a variable and use it within multiple hotkeys, and subroutines, without declaring it as global.

Gv := 0

f1::SetTimer, Action, % (on:=!on) ? (1000) : ("Off")

Action:
    Gv++
    trayTip,, % Gv
Return

f2::Msgbox, % Gv

代码说明:

• F1 键切换计时器以运行子程序:Action 每 1000ms.
• % 开始一个表达式.
• on:=!on 每次按下 F1 都会反转变量 on 的二进制值.
• ?: 一起称为三元运算符.
• 当 on=1 延迟设置为 1000ms 时；当 on=0 时，定时器关闭Off.

• The F1 key toggles a timer to run the subroutine: Action every 1000ms.
• % starts an expression.
• on:=!on reverses the binary value of variable on every time F1 is pressed.
• ?: together is called the ternary operator.
• When on=1 delay is set to 1000ms; when on=0 the timer is turned Off.

++ 运算符将变量 Gv 加 1.

The ++ operator adds 1 to variable Gv.

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