我应该使用“名称"还是“id"制作 HTML 锚点? [英] Should I make HTML Anchors with 'name' or 'id'?

问题描述

当人们想用http://example.com/#foo"方法引用网页的某个部分时，应该使用

When one wants to refer to some part of a webpage with the "http://example.com/#foo" method, should one use

<h1><a name="foo"/>Foo Title</h1>

或

<h1 id="foo">Foo Title</h1>

它们都有效，但它们是平等的，还是它们有语义差异?

They both work, but are they equal, or do they have semantic differences?

推荐答案

根据 HTML 5 规范，5.9.8 导航到片段标识符:

According to the HTML 5 specification, 5.9.8 Navigating to a fragment identifier:

对于 HTML 文档(和 text/html MIME 类型)，必须遵循以下处理模型来确定文档的指示部分是什么.

For HTML documents (and the text/html MIME type), the following processing model must be followed to determine what the indicated part of the document is.

1. 解析 URL，让 fragid 成为 ;URL 的组成部分.
2. 如果 fragid 是空字符串，则文档的指定部分是文档的顶部.
3. 如果 DOM 中有一个元素的 ID 正好等于 fragid，那么树序中的第一个这样的元素就是文档的指定部分；在这里停止算法.
4. 如果 DOM 中有一个 a 元素，它的 name 属性的值正好等于 fragid，那么树序中的第一个这样的元素就是文档的指定部分；在这里停止算法.
5. 否则，文档中没有指明部分.

1. Parse the URL, and let fragid be the <fragment> component of the URL.
2. If fragid is the empty string, then the indicated part of the document is the top of the document.
3. If there is an element in the DOM that has an ID exactly equal to fragid, then the first such element in tree order is the indicated part of the document; stop the algorithm here.
4. If there is an a element in the DOM that has a name attribute whose value is exactly equal to fragid, then the first such element in tree order is the indicated part of the document; stop the algorithm here.
5. Otherwise, there is no indicated part of the document.

所以，它会寻找id="foo"，然后会跟着name="foo"

So, it will look for id="foo", and then will follow to name="foo"

正如@hsivonen 所指出的，在 HTML5 中 a 元素没有 name 属性.但是，上述规则仍然适用于其他命名元素.

As pointed out by @hsivonen, in HTML5 the a element has no name attribute. However, the above rules still apply to other named elements.

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