在 Django 模型中存储电话号码的最佳方式是什么 [英] What's the best way to store Phone number in Django models
问题描述
我将电话号码存储在 model 中，如下所示:
I am storing a phone number in model like this:
phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=12)
用户将输入一个电话号码，我将使用该电话号码进行SMS 身份验证 此应用程序将在全球范围内使用.所以我还需要国家代码.CharField 是存储电话号码的好方法吗?而且，我如何验证电话号码?
User would enter a phone number and I would use the phone number for SMS Authentication This application would be used globally. So I would also need country code. Is CharField a good way to store phone number? And, how do I validate the phone number?
推荐答案
您实际上可能会研究国际标准化格式 E.164、例如由 Twilio 推荐(他们有一个服务和一个 API，用于通过 REST 请求发送短信或电话).
You might actually look into the internationally standardized format E.164, recommended by Twilio for example (who have a service and an API for sending SMS or phone-calls via REST requests).
这可能是最通用的电话号码存储方式，尤其是当您使用国际号码时.
This is likely to be the most universal way to store phone numbers, in particular if you have international numbers work with.
您可以使用 phonenumber_field 库.它是 Google 的 libphonenumber 库的端口，它支持 Android 的电话号码处理https://github.com/stefanfoulis/django-phonenumber-field
You can use phonenumber_field library. It is port of Google's libphonenumber library, which powers Android's phone number handling
https://github.com/stefanfoulis/django-phonenumber-field
在模型中:
from phonenumber_field.modelfields import PhoneNumberField
class Client(models.Model, Importable):
phone = PhoneNumberField(null=False, blank=False, unique=True)
形式:
from phonenumber_field.formfields import PhoneNumberField
class ClientForm(forms.Form):
phone = PhoneNumberField()
从对象字段中获取电话作为字符串:
Get phone as string from object field:
client.phone.as_e164
规范电话字符串(用于测试和其他人员):
Normolize phone string (for tests and other staff):
from phonenumber_field.phonenumber import PhoneNumber
phone = PhoneNumber.from_string(phone_number=raw_phone, region='RU').as_e164
2.通过正则表达式电话
关于您的模型的一个说明:E.164 数字的最大字符长度为 15.
2. Phone by regexp
One note for your model: E.164 numbers have a max character length of 15.
要进行验证，您可以采用某种格式组合，然后尝试立即联系号码进行验证.
To validate, you can employ some combination of formatting and then attempting to contact the number immediately to verify.
我相信我在我的 django 项目中使用了以下内容:
I believe I used something like the following on my django project:
class ReceiverForm(forms.ModelForm):
phone_number = forms.RegexField(regex=r'^+?1?d{9,15}$',
error_message = ("Phone number must be entered in the format: '+999999999'. Up to 15 digits allowed."))
<小时>
编辑
看来这篇文章对某些人很有用，将下面的评论整合到一个更全面的答案中似乎是值得的.根据 jpotter6，您也可以对模型执行以下操作:
It appears that this post has been useful to some folks, and it seems worth it to integrate the comment below into a more full-fledged answer. As per jpotter6, you can do something like the following on your models as well:
models.py:
from django.core.validators import RegexValidator
class PhoneModel(models.Model):
...
phone_regex = RegexValidator(regex=r'^+?1?d{9,15}$', message="Phone number must be entered in the format: '+999999999'. Up to 15 digits allowed.")
phone_number = models.CharField(validators=[phone_regex], max_length=17, blank=True) # validators should be a list
这篇关于在 Django 模型中存储电话号码的最佳方式是什么的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
