如何将彩色文本输出到 Linux 终端? [英] How do I output coloured text to a Linux terminal?

问题描述

如何将彩色字符打印到支持它的 Linux 终端?

How do I print coloured characters to a Linux terminal that supports it?

如何判断终端是否支持色码?

How do I tell whether the terminal supports colour codes?

推荐答案

你需要输出ANSI颜色代码.请注意，并非所有终端都支持此功能；如果不支持颜色序列，则会显示垃圾.

You need to output ANSI colour codes. Note that not all terminals support this; if colour sequences are not supported, garbage will show up.

示例:

 cout << "33[1;31mbold red text33[0m
";

这里，33 是 ESC 字符，ASCII 27.后面是 [，然后是零个或多个由 ; 分隔的数字，最后是字母 m.数字描述了从那时起要切换到的颜色和格式.

Here, 33 is the ESC character, ASCII 27. It is followed by [, then zero or more numbers separated by ;, and finally the letter m. The numbers describe the colour and format to switch to from that point onwards.

前景色和背景色的代码是:

The codes for foreground and background colours are:

         foreground background
black        30         40
red          31         41
green        32         42
yellow       33         43
blue         34         44
magenta      35         45
cyan         36         46
white        37         47

此外，您可以使用这些:

Additionally, you can use these:

reset             0  (everything back to normal)
bold/bright       1  (often a brighter shade of the same colour)
underline         4
inverse           7  (swap foreground and background colours)
bold/bright off  21
underline off    24
inverse off      27

请参阅维基百科上的表格，了解其他支持较少的代码.

See the table on Wikipedia for other, less widely supported codes.

要确定您的终端是否支持颜色序列，请读取 TERM 环境变量的值.它应该指定使用的特定终端类型(例如 vt100、gnome-terminal、xterm、screen、...)然后在 terminfo 数据库 中查找；检查 colors 功能.

To determine whether your terminal supports colour sequences, read the value of the TERM environment variable. It should specify the particular terminal type used (e.g. vt100, gnome-terminal, xterm, screen, ...). Then look that up in the terminfo database; check the colors capability.

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