ASP.NET MVC - 如何准确地使用视图模型 [英] ASP.NET MVC - How exactly to use View Models

问题描述

假设我有一个允许编辑用户详细信息的页面，所以我有一个这样的 ViewModel:

Let's say I have a page that allows the editing of a user's details, so I have a ViewModel like this:

public class UserViewModel {
    public string Username { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
    public int ManagerId { get; set; }
    public string Category { get; set; }
}

所以在我的 EditUser 操作中，我可以让模型绑定器将其传回，然后我可以将其映射到域模型:

So on my EditUser action I can have this passed back by the model binder and then I can map that to the Domain Model:

public ActionResult EditUser(UserViewModel user) {
    ...

但是，显示表单的页面还需要详细信息，例如经理和类别列表，以提供这些字段的下拉列表.它还可能在侧边栏中显示其他用户的列表，以便您可以在正在编辑的不同用户之间切换.

However, the page that displays the form also needs details such as a list of Managers and Categories to provide dropdowns for those fields. It might also display a list of other users in a sidebar so you can switch between the different users you're editing.

那么我有另一个视图模型:

So then I have another view model:

public class ViewUserViewModel {
    public UserViewModel EditingUser { get; set; }
    public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> Managers { get; set; }
    public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> Categories { get; set; }
    public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> AllUsers { get; set; }
}

这是正确的做法吗?他们都是查看模型吗?如果是这样，是否有我应该使用的命名约定，以便我可以区分类似于模型的 VM 和仅包含页面数据的 VM?

Is this the correct way to do it? Are they both View Models? If so, is there a naming convention I should use so I can distinguish between VMs that are like models and VMs that just contain data for the page?

我都弄错了吗?

推荐答案

我如何在快捷方式中做到这一点:

How I do this in shortcut:

1. 为页面上的每个表单创建单独的 ViewModel 类，然后我将这些类与 PartialViews 渲染为 @{Html.RenderPartial("PartialName", Model.PartialModel);}.
2. 如果页面包含诸如 html metas 之类的内容，我会为 metas 制作单独的类并将其放在页面上的部分中.
3. 其他情况，例如我应该将其放在单独的班级中吗?"是你的判断.

例如，您的页面具有某种登录/注册栏或弹出窗口.

So for example you have page which has some kind of login/register bar or popup whatever.

public class SomePageViewModel
{
    public RegisterBarVM Register { get; set; }
    public LoginBarVM LoginBar { get; set; }

    public MetasVM Metas { get; set; }
    public string MaybePageTitle { get; set;}
    public string MaybePageContent { get; set;}

    [HiddenInput(DisplayValue = false)]
    public int IdIfNeeded { get; set; }

    public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> SomeItems {get; set;}
    public string PickedItemId { get;set; }
}

public class RegisterBarVM
{
    public string RegisterUsername {get;set;}
    public string RegisterPassword {get;set;}
    //...
}

public class LoginBarVM
{
    public string LoginUserame {get;set;}
    public string LoginPassword {get;set;}
    //...
}

//cshtml
@model yourClassesNamespace.SomePageViewModel
@{
    Html.RenderPartial("LoginBar", Model.LoginBar); //form inside
    Html.RenderPartial("RegisterBar", Model.RegisterBar); //form inside

    using(Html.BeginForm())
    {
        @Html.EditorFor(m => m.IdIfNeeded)
        @Hmtl.EditorFor(m => m.MaybePageTitle)
        @Hmtl.EditorFor(m => m.MaybePageContent)

        @Hmtl.DropDownListFor(m => m.PickedItemId, new SelectList(Model.SomeItems))

        <input type="submit" value="Update" />
    }
}

@section Metas {
    @{Html.RenderPartial("Meatas", Model.Metas}
}

关于编辑器模板 Brad威尔逊博客，只需谷歌或寻找有关显示/编辑器模板和 HtmlHelpers 的堆栈资源.它们对于构建一致的网站非常有用.

About editor templates Brad Wilsons Blog and just google or look for stacks resources about display/editor templates and HtmlHelpers. They all are very useful for building consistent websites.

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