什么是 NoSQL，它是如何工作的，它提供了什么好处? [英] What is NoSQL, how does it work, and what benefits does it provide?
问题描述
我一直在听说 NoSQL 并且它可能最终成为 SQL DB 存储方法的替代品，因为 DB 交互通常是网络速度的瓶颈.
I've been hearing things about NoSQL and that it may eventually become the replacement for SQL DB storage methods due to the fact that DB interaction is often a bottle neck for speed on the web.
所以我只有几个问题:
到底是什么?
What exactly is it?
它是如何工作的?
为什么比使用 SQL 数据库更好?它有多好?
Why would it be better than using a SQL Database? And how much better is it?
这项技术是否太新而无法开始实施，还是值得研究一下?
Is the technology too new to start implementing yet or is it worth taking a look into?
推荐答案
究竟是什么?
一方面，特定系统，但它也已成为各种新数据存储后端 不遵循关系数据库模型.
On one hand, a specific system, but it has also become a generic word for a variety of new data storage backends that do not follow the relational DB model.
它是如何工作的?
每个标有通用名称的系统的工作方式各不相同，但基本思想是通过使用不支持通用 RDBMS 的所有功能但仍然足够有用的功能的 DB 模型来提供更好的可扩展性和性能.从某种意义上说，它就像 MySQL，它一度缺乏对事务的支持，但正是因为因为，它设法胜过其他数据库系统.如果您能以不需要事务的方式编写应用，那就太好了.
Each of the systems labelled with the generic name works differently, but the basic idea is to offer better scalability and performance by using DB models that don't support all the functionality of a generic RDBMS, but still enough functionality to be useful. In a way it's like MySQL, which at one time lacked support for transactions but, exactly because of that, managed to outperform other DB systems. If you could write your app in a way that didn't require transactions, it was great.
为什么比使用 SQL 数据库更好?它有多好?
如果您的站点需要如此大规模地扩展，以至于在您能负担得起并尽可能优化的最佳硬件上运行的最佳 RDBMS 根本无法跟上负载，那就更好了.它有多好取决于特定用例(大量更新活动与大量连接相结合对于传统"RDBMS 来说非常困难)- 在极端情况下很可能是 1000 倍.
It would be better when your site needs to scale so massively that the best RDBMS running on the best hardware you can afford and optimized as much as possible simply can't keep up with the load. How much better it is depends on the specific use case (lots of update activity combined with lots of joins is very hard on "traditional" RDBMSs) - could well be a factor of 1000 in extreme cases.
这项技术是否太新而无法开始实施，还是值得研究一下?
主要取决于您要实现的目标.它当然足够成熟可以使用.但很少有应用程序真正需要大规模扩展.对于大多数人来说，传统的 RDBMS 就足够了.然而，随着互联网的使用变得越来越普遍，这样做的应用程序很可能会变得更加普遍(尽管可能不占主导地位).
Depends mainly on what you're trying to achieve. It's certainly mature enough to use. But few applications really need to scale that massively. For most, a traditional RDBMS is sufficient. However, with internet usage becoming more ubiquitous all the time, it's quite likely that applications that do will become more common (though probably not dominant).
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