Xcode:测试与调试预处理器宏 [英] Xcode: TEST vs DEBUG preprocessor macros

问题描述

使用单元测试创​​建新项目时，Xcode 将构建配置设置为 Test 方案的 Debug(与 Run 方案相同).

When creating a new project with unit tests, Xcode sets the build configuration to Debug for the Test scheme (same for the Run scheme).

我应该区分 Run (Command-R) 和测试(Command-U)方案?

Should I differentiate between Run (Command-R) & Test (Command-U) schemes?

即，我是否应该创建一个名为 Test 的新构建配置，向其中添加一个预处理器宏 TEST=1，并将其用作测试方案的构建配置?或者，我应该保持 Run &将两者都作为 Debug 进行测试?

I.e., should I create a new Build Configuration called Test, add a preprocessor macro TEST=1 to it, and use it as the build configuration for the Test scheme instead? Or, should I just keep Run & Test both as Debug?

我有 Ruby/Rails 背景，您通常拥有测试、开发和生产环境.在我看来，Debug 就像开发，Release 就像生产，但我们缺少测试，这就是为什么我认为添加 Test 可能有意义.

I come from a Ruby/Rails background, where you usually have test, development, and production environments. It seems to me that Debug is like development and Release is like production, but we're missing a test, which is why I'm thinking it might make sense to add Test.

评论?意见?建议?

我特意问这个是因为我想编译一些用于测试的东西:

I'm specifically asking this because I want to compile something for Test with:

#ifdef TEST
// Do something when I test.
#endif

如果我也为 Debug 编译它，我认为这并不重要.所以，我真的可以这样做:

I don't think it matters if I also compile this for Debug. So, I really could just do:

#ifdef DEBUG
// Do something when I run or test.
#endif

但是，我现在真的只是打算做测试.所以，这就是为什么我认为我应该区分 debug 和测试但我想知道为什么 Xcode 默认不为你做这个?Apple 认为你不应该区分它们吗?

But, I'm really only intending to do it for tests for now. So, that's why I'm thinking I should differentiate between debug & test but am wondering why Xcode doesn't do that for you by default? Does Apple think you shouldn't differentiate between them?

推荐答案

我没有创建测试构建配置，而是:

Instead of creating a Test build configuration, I:

1. 创建了一个 Tests-Prefix.pch 文件:

#define TEST 1
#import <SenTestingKit/SenTestingKit.h>
#import "CocoaPlant-Prefix.pch"

在测试目标的构建设置的前缀标题字段中输入其路径.

entered its path in the Prefix Header field of the Tests target's build settings.

将以下代码添加到我创建的名为 MyAppDefines.h 的文件的顶部，该文件是在 MyApp-Prefix.pch 中导入的:

added the following code to the top of a file I created called MyAppDefines.h, imported in MyApp-Prefix.pch:

#ifdef TEST
#define TEST_CLASS NSClassFromString(@"AppDelegateTests") // any test class
#define BUNDLE [NSBundle bundleForClass:TEST_CLASS]
#define APP_NAME @"Tests"
#else
#define BUNDLE [NSBundle mainBundle]
#define APP_NAME [[BUNDLE infoDictionary] objectForKey:(NSString *)kCFBundleNameKey]
#endif

这允许我在任何我指的是 [NSBundle mainBundle] 的地方使用 BUNDLE 并且在我运行测试时也可以使用它.

This allows me to use BUNDLE where ever I mean [NSBundle mainBundle] and also have it work when I run Tests.

在 Tests-Prefix.pch 中导入 SenTestingKit 也加快了 SenTestingKit 框架的编译，并允许我省略 #import <SenTestingKit/SenTestingKit.h>从所有测试文件的顶部开始.

Importing SenTestingKit in Tests-Prefix.pch also speeds up the compiling of the SenTestingKit Framework and allows me to leave out #import <SenTestingKit/SenTestingKit.h> from the top of all the tests files.

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