如何自定义PostgreSQL Docker 官方镜像的配置文件? [英] How to customize the configuration file of the official PostgreSQL Docker image?
问题描述
我正在使用 官方 Postgres Docker 映像 尝试自定义其配置.为此，我使用命令 sed 来更改 max_connections 例如:
I'm using the official Postgres Docker image trying to customize its configuration. For this purpose, I use the command sed to change max_connections for example:
sed -i -e"s/^max_connections = 100.*$/max_connections = 1000/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
我尝试了两种方法来应用此配置.第一种是将命令添加到脚本并将其复制到 init 文件夹/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d"中.第二种方法是使用RUN"命令直接在我的 Dockerfile 中运行它们(此方法适用于非官方 Postgresql 映像，该映像具有不同的配置文件/etc/postgres/..."路径).在这两种情况下，更改都失败了，因为缺少配置文件(我认为它还没有创建).
I tried two methods to apply this configuration. The first is by adding the commands to a script and copying it within the init folder "/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d". The second method is by running them directly within my Dockerfile with "RUN" command (this method worked fine with a non-official Postgresql image with a different path to the configuration file "/etc/postgres/..."). In both cases the changes fail because the configuration file is missing (I think it's not created yet).
我应该如何更改配置?
编辑 1:
这是用于创建映像的 Dockerfile:
Here is the Dockerfile used to create the image:
# Database (http://www.cs3c.ma/)
FROM postgres:9.4
MAINTAINER Sabbane <contact@cs3c.ma>
ENV TERM=xterm
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y nano
ADD scripts /scripts
# ADD scripts/setup-my-schema.sh /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/
# Allow connections from anywhere.
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#listen_addresses =.*$/listen_addresses = '*'/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN echo "host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5" >> /var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_hba.conf
# Configure logs
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#logging_collector = off.*$/logging_collector = on/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_directory = 'pg_log'.*$/log_directory = '/var/log/postgresql'/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_filename = 'postgresql-\%Y-\%m-\%d_\%H\%M\%S.log'.*$/log_filename = 'postgresql_\%a.log'/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_file_mode = 0600.*$/log_file_mode = 0644/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_truncate_on_rotation = off.*$/log_truncate_on_rotation = on/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_rotation_age = 1d.*$/log_rotation_age = 1d/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_min_duration_statement = -1.*$/log_min_duration_statement = 0/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_checkpoints = off.*$/log_checkpoints = on/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_connections = off.*$/log_connections = on/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_disconnections = off.*$/log_disconnections = on/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^log_line_prefix = '\%t [\%p-\%l] \%q\%u@\%d '.*$/log_line_prefix = '\%t [\%p]: [\%l-1] user=\%u,db=\%d'/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_lock_waits = off.*$/log_lock_waits = on/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#log_temp_files = -1.*$/log_temp_files = 0/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#statement_timeout = 0.*$/statement_timeout = 1800000 # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled (current 30min)/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^lc_messages = 'en_US.UTF-8'.*$/lc_messages = 'C'/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
# Performance Tuning
RUN sed -i -e"s/^max_connections = 100.*$/max_connections = 1000/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^shared_buffers =.*$/shared_buffers = 16GB/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#effective_cache_size = 128MB.*$/effective_cache_size = 48GB/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#work_mem = 1MB.*$/work_mem = 16MB/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#maintenance_work_mem = 16MB.*$/maintenance_work_mem = 2GB/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#checkpoint_segments = .*$/checkpoint_segments = 32/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5.*$/checkpoint_completion_target = 0.7/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#wal_buffers =.*$/wal_buffers = 16MB/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
RUN sed -i -e"s/^#default_statistics_target = 100.*$/default_statistics_target = 100/" /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf
VOLUME ["/var/lib/postgresql/data", "/var/log/postgresql"]
CMD ["postgres"]
使用此 Dockerfile，构建过程显示错误:sed: can't read/var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf: No such file or directory
With this Dockerfile the build process shows the error: sed: can't read /var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf: No such file or directory
推荐答案
您继承的 postgres:9.4 图像在 /var/lib/postgresql/data.这实质上意味着您不能将任何文件复制到图像中的该路径；更改将被丢弃.
The postgres:9.4 image you've inherited from declares a volume at /var/lib/postgresql/data. This essentially means you can't copy any files to that path in your image; the changes will be discarded.
您有几个选择:
您可以在运行时使用
docker run -v postgresql.conf:/var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf ....但是，我不确定这将如何与现有卷进行交互.
You could just add your own configuration files as a volume at run-time with
docker run -v postgresql.conf:/var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf .... However, I'm not sure exactly how that will interact with the existing volume.
您可以在容器启动时复制文件.为此，请将您的文件复制到不在卷下方的位置的构建中，然后从入口点或 cmd 调用脚本，该脚本会将文件复制到正确的位置并启动 postgres.
You could copy the file over when the container is started. To do that, copy your file into the build at a location which isn't underneath the volume then call a script from the entrypoint or cmd which will copy the file to correct location and start postgres.
在声明 VOLUME 之前，克隆 Postgres 官方镜像背后的项目并编辑 Dockerfile 以添加您自己的配置文件(在 VOLUME 指令之前添加的任何内容都会在运行时自动复制).
Clone the project behind the Postgres official image and edit the Dockerfile to add your own config file in before the VOLUME is declared (anything added before the VOLUME instruction is automatically copied in at run-time).
在 docker-compose 文件中的命令选项中传递所有配置更改
Pass all config changes in command option in docker-compose file
喜欢:
services:
postgres:
...
command:
- "postgres"
- "-c"
- "max_connections=1000"
- "-c"
- "shared_buffers=3GB"
- "-c"
...
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