如何使用 awk 或 sed 递归查找/替换字符串? [英] How can I do a recursive find/replace of a string with awk or sed?

问题描述

如何查找和替换每次出现的:

How do I find and replace every occurrence of:

subdomainA.example.com

与

subdomainB.example.com

在/home/www/目录树下的每个文本文件中递归?

in every text file under the /home/www/ directory tree recursively?

推荐答案

find /home/www ( -type d -name .git -prune ) -o -type f -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i 's/subdomainA.example.com/subdomainB.example.com/g'

-print0 告诉 find 打印由空字符分隔的每个结果，而不是换行.万一您的目录包含名称中带有换行符的文件，这仍然可以让 xargs 处理正确的文件名.

-print0 tells find to print each of the results separated by a null character, rather than a new line. In the unlikely event that your directory has files with newlines in the names, this still lets xargs work on the correct filenames.

( -type d -name .git -prune ) 是一个完全跳过所有名为 .git 的目录的表达式.如果您使用 SVN 或想要保留其他文件夹，您可以轻松扩展它——只需匹配更多名称即可.它大致相当于 -not -path .git，但效率更高，因为它不会检查目录中的每个文件，而是完全跳过它.后面的 -o 是必需的，因为 -prune 的实际工作方式.

( -type d -name .git -prune ) is an expression which completely skips over all directories named .git. You could easily expand it, if you use SVN or have other folders you want to preserve -- just match against more names. It's roughly equivalent to -not -path .git, but more efficient, because rather than checking every file in the directory, it skips it entirely. The -o after it is required because of how -prune actually works.

有关详细信息，请参阅man find.

For more information, see man find.

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