如何在执行 shell 命令时回显它们 [英] How to echo shell commands as they are executed

问题描述

在 shell 脚本中，如何回显所有调用的 shell 命令并扩展任何变量名称?

In a shell script, how do I echo all shell commands called and expand any variable names?

例如，给定以下行:

ls $DIRNAME

我希望脚本运行命令并显示以下内容

I would like the script to run the command and display the following

ls /full/path/to/some/dir

目的是保存所有调用的 shell 命令及其参数的日志.也许有更好的方法来生成这样的日志?

The purpose is to save a log of all shell commands called and their arguments. Is there perhaps a better way of generating such a log?

推荐答案

set -x or set -o xtrace 展开变量并在行前打印一个小+号.

set -x or set -o xtrace expands variables and prints a little + sign before the line.

set -v 或 set -o verbose 不会在打印前扩展变量.

set -v or set -o verbose does not expand the variables before printing.

使用set +x和set +v关闭以上设置.

在脚本的第一行，可以输入#!/bin/sh -x(或-v)与效果相同稍后在脚本中设置 -x(或 -v).

On the first line of the script, one can put #!/bin/sh -x (or -v) to have the same effect as set -x (or -v) later in the script.

以上也适用于 /bin/sh.

在 set 上查看 bash-hackers 维基属性，以及调试.

See the bash-hackers' wiki on set attributes, and on debugging.

$ cat shl
#!/bin/bash                                                                     

DIR=/tmp/so
ls $DIR

$ bash -x shl 
+ DIR=/tmp/so
+ ls /tmp/so
$

这篇关于如何在执行 shell 命令时回显它们的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！