如何克隆具有特定修订版/变更集的 git 存储库? [英] How to clone git repository with specific revision/changeset?

问题描述

如何克隆具有特定修订版本的 git 存储库，就像我通常在 Mercurial 中所做的那样:

How can I clone git repository with specific revision, something like I usually do in Mercurial:

hg clone -r 3 /path/to/repository

推荐答案

UPDATE 2 自 Git 2.5.0 下面描述的功能可以在服务器端使用配置变量uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWantstrong>，这里是 GitHub 功能请求 和 GitHub 提交启用此功能.请注意，某些 Git 服务器默认激活此选项，例如Bitbucket Server 从 5.5+ 版 开始启用它.有关如何激活配置选项的示例，请参阅Stackexchange 上的答案.

UPDATE 2 Since Git 2.5.0 the feature described below can be enabled on server side with configuration variable uploadpack.allowReachableSHA1InWant, here the GitHub feature request and the GitHub commit enabling this feature. Note that some Git servers activate this option by default, e.g. Bitbucket Server enabled it since version 5.5+. See this answer on Stackexchange for a exmple of how to activate the configuration option.

更新 1 对于 Git 版本 1.7 <＜2.5 使用 git clone 和 git reset，如 Vaibhav Bajpai 的回答

UPDATE 1 For Git versions 1.7 < v < 2.5 use git clone and git reset, as described in Vaibhav Bajpai's answer

如果您不想获取完整的存储库，那么您可能不应该使用 clone.你总是可以使用 fetch 来选择你想要获取的分支.我不是 hg 专家，所以我不知道 -r 的细节，但在 git 中你可以做这样的事情.

If you don't want to fetch the full repository then you probably shouldn't be using clone. You can always just use fetch to choose the branch that you want to fetch. I'm not an hg expert so I don't know the details of -r but in git you can do something like this.

# make a new blank repository in the current directory
git init

# add a remote
git remote add origin url://to/source/repository

# fetch a commit (or branch or tag) of interest
# Note: the full history up to this commit will be retrieved unless 
#       you limit it with '--depth=...' or '--shallow-since=...'
git fetch origin <sha1-of-commit-of-interest>

# reset this repository's master branch to the commit of interest
git reset --hard FETCH_HEAD

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