Eclipse .classpath/.project 文件中有什么? [英] What's in an Eclipse .classpath/.project file?

问题描述

我们最近遇到了一个团队成员的 Eclipse 项目问题.Tomcat 没有部署应用程序的 JAR.

We recently had an issue with an Eclipse project for one of our team members. Tomcat was not deploying JARs of the application.

我们最终注意到 .classpath Eclipse 文件与项目正常的团队成员不同.我们将 .classpath 文件替换为一个项目中的文件，该文件正常且 Tomcat 部署已完成.

We eventually noticed the .classpath Eclipse file was not the same as for the team members where the project was OK. We replaced the .classpath file with one from a project that was OK and the Tomcat deploy was complete.

只是出于好奇并想知道如果出现问题时要查看什么，.classpath 和 .project 文件中的内容.我可以在那里添加什么，这意味着什么?

Just out of curiosity and to know at what to look in the future if something is wrong, what is inside the .classpath and .project files. What can I add in there, what does it all mean?

推荐答案

Eclipse 是插件的运行时环境.实际上，您在 Eclipse 中看到的所有内容都是安装在 Eclipse 上的插件的结果，而不是 Eclipse 本身.

Eclipse is a runtime environment for plugins. Virtually everything you see in Eclipse is the result of plugins installed on Eclipse, rather than Eclipse itself.

.project 文件由核心 Eclipse 平台维护，其目标是从通用的、独立于插件的 Eclipse 视图描述项目.项目名称是什么?它指的是工作区中的其他哪些项目?用于构建项目的构建器是什么?(请记住，构建"的概念并不专门适用于 Java 项目，也适用于其他类型的项目)

The .project file is maintained by the core Eclipse platform, and its goal is to describe the project from a generic, plugin-independent Eclipse view. What's the project's name? what other projects in the workspace does it refer to? What are the builders that are used in order to build the project? (remember, the concept of "build" doesn't pertain specifically to Java projects, but also to other types of projects)

.classpath 文件由 Eclipse 的 JDT 特性(特性 = 插件集)维护.JDT在项目中持有多个这样的元"文件(参见项目内的.settings目录)；.classpath 文件只是其中之一.具体来说，.classpath 文件包含 JDT 特性正确编译项目所需的信息:项目的源文件夹(即要编译的内容)；输出文件夹(编译到的位置)；和类路径条目(例如工作区中的其他项目、文件系统上的任意 JAR 文件等).

The .classpath file is maintained by Eclipse's JDT feature (feature = set of plugins). JDT holds multiple such "meta" files in the project (see the .settings directory inside the project); the .classpath file is just one of them. Specifically, the .classpath file contains information that the JDT feature needs in order to properly compile the project: the project's source folders (that is, what to compile); the output folders (where to compile to); and classpath entries (such as other projects in the workspace, arbitrary JAR files on the file system, and so forth).

盲目地将此类文件从一台机器复制到另一台机器可能会有风险.例如，如果将任意 JAR 文件放置在类路径上(即，位于工作区外部并通过绝对路径命名引用的 JAR 文件)，则 .classpath 文件将呈现为非便携，必须修改才能便携.可以遵循某些最佳实践来保证 .classpath 文件的可移植性.

Blindly copying such files from one machine to another may be risky. For example, if arbitrary JAR files are placed on the classpath (that is, JAR files that are located outside the workspace and are referred-to by absolute path naming), the .classpath file is rendered non-portable and must be modified in order to be portable. There are certain best practices that can be followed to guarantee .classpath file portability.

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