使用 Windows 主机时如何挂载 Docker 卷? [英] How do I mount a Docker volume while using a Windows host?
问题描述
在 Windows 主机下安装 Docker 卷对我来说是一个巨大的痛苦，我无法让它工作.
Mounting a Docker volume while being under a Windows host, has been a huge pain for me, and I could not get it to work.
目前我得到了以下简单的 Dockerfile:
Currently I got the following simple Dockerfile:
FROM php:5-apache
RUN apt-get update
当我从中构建映像并启动容器时
When I build an image from it, and start a container
docker build -t phisch:dev .
docker run phisch:dev
容器正常启动.
但是当我尝试挂载一个卷时，
But when I am trying to mount a volume,
docker run -v /c/Users/phisch/dev/htdocs:/var/www phisch:dev
将显示以下消息:
C:Usersphischdev>docker run -v /c/Users/phisch/dev/htdocs:/var/www phisch:dev
no such file or directory
docker: Error response from daemon: Container command not found or does not exist..
/var/www 目录肯定存在于容器中，尝试其他目录不会改变结果.在主机端目录前加一个斜杠也无济于事.(//c/Users/phisch/dev/htdocs)
The /var/www directory definitely exists in the container, and trying other directories does not change the result. Prepending a trailing slash to the host-side directory does not help either. (//c/Users/phisch/dev/htdocs)
我如何将例如 /var/www 挂载到 C:/Users/phisch/dev/htdocs?
How do I mount for example /var/www to C:/Users/phisch/dev/htdocs?
phisch@DESKTOP-UC1LB9J MINGW64 ~/dev (master)
$ docker inspect phisch:dev
[
{
"Id": "sha256:73c1533222a905a378f12505ccbd9e9b34cde5a4b34ed008c39e23d5d58a9c91",
"RepoTags": [
"dev_web:latest",
"phisch:dev",
"phisch:dev3"
],
"RepoDigests": [],
"Parent": "sha256:d2c4149d86c4dfceaff0e9c4eb5a5d42ca7815f81dd08baad4dc8bda6db2fb10",
"Comment": "",
"Created": "2016-02-10T12:16:37.667236134Z",
"Container": "dad811f51ef3b94d9845d13a0e43ad07ccd5684ea2747b3846accdc71abeb628",
"ContainerConfig": {
"Hostname": "e06f5a03fe1f",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"80/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"PHP_INI_DIR=/usr/local/etc/php",
"PHP_EXTRA_BUILD_DEPS=apache2-dev",
"PHP_EXTRA_CONFIGURE_ARGS=--with-apxs2",
"GPG_KEYS=0BD78B5F97500D450838F95DFE857D9A90D90EC1 6E4F6AB321FDC07F2C332E3AC2BF0BC433CFC8B3",
"PHP_VERSION=5.6.18",
"PHP_FILENAME=php-5.6.18.tar.xz",
"PHP_SHA256=54dd9106c3469bc7028644d72ac140af00655420bbaaf4a742a64e9ed02ec1b0"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/sh",
"-c",
"apt-get update"
],
"ArgsEscaped": true,
"Image": "sha256:d2c4149d86c4dfceaff0e9c4eb5a5d42ca7815f81dd08baad4dc8bda6db2fb10",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "/var/www/html",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": [],
"Labels": {}
},
"DockerVersion": "1.10.0",
"Author": "",
"Config": {
"Hostname": "e06f5a03fe1f",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"80/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"PHP_INI_DIR=/usr/local/etc/php",
"PHP_EXTRA_BUILD_DEPS=apache2-dev",
"PHP_EXTRA_CONFIGURE_ARGS=--with-apxs2",
"GPG_KEYS=0BD78B5F97500D450838F95DFE857D9A90D90EC1 6E4F6AB321FDC07F2C332E3AC2BF0BC433CFC8B3",
"PHP_VERSION=5.6.18",
"PHP_FILENAME=php-5.6.18.tar.xz",
"PHP_SHA256=54dd9106c3469bc7028644d72ac140af00655420bbaaf4a742a64e9ed02ec1b0"
],
"Cmd": [
"apache2-foreground"
],
"ArgsEscaped": true,
"Image": "sha256:d2c4149d86c4dfceaff0e9c4eb5a5d42ca7815f81dd08baad4dc8bda6db2fb10",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "/var/www/html",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": [],
"Labels": {}
},
"Architecture": "amd64",
"Os": "linux",
"Size": 491287784,
"VirtualSize": 491287784,
"GraphDriver": {
"Name": "aufs",
"Data": null
}
}
]
事实证明容器端目录 /var/www 需要为空，因为它有一个子目录 www.Docker 无法将其用作安装点.
It turns out the container-side directory /var/www needs to be empty, since it had a sub-directory www. Docker was not able to use it as a mounting point.
推荐答案
/ 可能被 CMD Windows shell 解释为一个选项.
It is possible the / is interpreted as an option by the CMD Windows shell.
首先尝试使用默认的 docker-machine ssh，以便在您的 VM 中打开 ssh 会话.从那里再次尝试 docker run:docker run -v/c/Users/phisch/dev/htdocs:/var/www phisch:dev
Try first a docker-machine ssh default, in order to open an ssh session in your VM. From there try the docker run again: docker run -v /c/Users/phisch/dev/htdocs:/var/www phisch:dev
您可以考虑使用docker-compose；docker-compose 允许您定义相对于 docker-compose.yml 文件位置的绑定安装卷.
使用 docker-compose 文件允许您在单个文件中指定运行容器所需的所有选项，这使其成为团队成员之间共享的理想选择(即，只需运行 docker-compose up-d 将使用正确的选项启动项目的所有容器).
You could consider using docker-compose; docker-compose allows you to define bind-mounted volumes relative to the location of the
docker-compose.ymlfile.
Using adocker-composefile allows you to specify all options needed to run your containers in a single file, which makes it ideal for sharing between team members (ie, just rundocker-compose up -dwill start all containers for the project with the right options).
这条评论提到了一个&dding一秒钟/:
This comment mentions a&dding a second /:
docker run -v //c/Users/phisch/dev/htdocs:`/var/www` phisch:dev
即使在 docker 工具箱 msys shell 会话中，也存在问题(例如 issue 282)
Even in the docker toolbox msys shell session, there are issues (like issue 282)
经过长时间的讨论，问题是 /var/www 中有一个文件夹.
After lengthy discussion, the issue was that /var/www had a folder in it.
将 /c/Users/phisch/dev/htdoc 挂载到空文件夹中确实有效，但可能不会给出预期的结果，因为默认的 CMD apache2-foreground可能仍会基于 /var/www 提供其内容(如果 htdocs 安装到另一个文件夹中，则不会有 htdocs 内容).
Mounting /c/Users/phisch/dev/htdoc onto an empty folder does work, but might not give the expected result, as the default CMD apache2-foreground might still serve its content based on /var/www (which would not have htdocs content if that htdocs is mounted onto another folder).
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