ListBoxItem 中的复杂 UI [英] Complex UI inside ListBoxItem

问题描述

在 WPF 中，我可以通过为 ListBox 提供一个 ItemTemplate 来将任何 UI 添加到 ListBoxItem 中:

In WPF, I can add whatever UI into ListBoxItems by providing the ListBox with an ItemTemplate:

 <ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding}">
            <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
                <DataTemplate>
                    <Border BorderThickness="1" BorderBrush="Gray" CornerRadius="8" Padding="4,0,4,0">
                        <Grid>
                            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                                <ColumnDefinition Width="50"/>
                                <ColumnDefinition/>
                            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

                            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                                <RowDefinition/>
                                <RowDefinition/>
                                <RowDefinition/>
                            </Grid.RowDefinitions>

                            <CheckBox Grid.Column="1" Content="Is Active Customer" IsChecked="{Binding IsActive}"/>

                            <Label Content="Id:" Grid.Row="1" HorizontalAlignment="Right"/>
                            <Label Content="Name:" Grid.Row="2" HorizontalAlignment="Right"/>

                            <TextBox Text="{Binding Id}" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1"/>
                            <TextBox Text="{Binding Name}" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1"/>
                        </Grid>
                    </Border>
                </DataTemplate>
            </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
        </ListBox>

结果:

有没有办法在 Windows 窗体中实现相同的目标?

Is there any way to achieve the same in Windows Forms?

1 - 有没有办法在 Windows 窗体中实现相同的目标，同时保持 View 和 Application Logic 之间的关注点分离> 这样一来，如果我以后想完全重新定义 View，就不必重构整个应用程序?

1 - Is there any way to achieve the same in Windows Forms, all while maintaining separation of concerns between the View and the Application Logic in such a way that if I later wanted to completely redefine the View, I wouldn't have to refactor the entire application?

2 - winforms 是否支持数据绑定，使得我的每个 ListBoxItems 都可以绑定到一个复杂的 Entity，最终包括从模型数据到模型数据的中间类型转换UI 数据并返回，这样我就不必编写大量样板代码来填充视图，然后将 UI 值传递回模型以进行保存?

2 - Does winforms support databinding in such a way that each of my ListBoxItems can be bound to a complex Entity, eventually including an intermediate type conversion from Model data to UI data and back, in such a way that I don't have to write tons of boilerplate code to populate the view and then pass the UI values back into the Model in order to save?

3 - 如果我想以当前 SelectedItem 将自身动画扩展为某种行详细信息"模式的方式引入 Animations，该怎么办?可以看到很多附加信息吗?

3 - What if I wanted to introduce Animations in such a way that the currently SelectedItem would animatedly expand itself into some kind of "Row Details" mode, where you can see a lot of additional information?

4 - winforms 是否支持 UI 虚拟化，如果我有，比如说 100 万个项目，它不会花费一生来加载 UI，并且只呈现屏幕上可见的内容?

4 - Does winforms support UI Virtualization in such a way that if I have, say 1 million items it doesn't take a lifetime to load the UI, and only render what's visible on screen?

5 - 假设我想在方程式中引入复杂的图形.winforms 渲染硬件加速了吗?

5 - Say I wanted to introduce complex graphics to the equation. Is winforms rendering hardware-accelerated?

6 - 我如何使所有这些 Resolution Independent 以一种方式使 ListBox 及其所有内容扩展到可用的窗口大小，以便在保持与较小屏幕的兼容性的同时利用更大的屏幕?

6 - How do I make all this Resolution Independent in such a way that the ListBox and all its contents stretch to the available window size in order to leverage larger screens while maintaining compatibility with smaller ones?

7 - 建议使用 ListView 控件而不是常规的 ListBox，ListView 是否提供添加任何 UI 的能力进去?我可以为每个项目添加视频吗?还是带有保存和编辑按钮的复杂主/细节模板?

7 - It's been suggested to use the ListView control instead of a regular ListBox, does the ListView provide the ability to add ANY UI into it? can I add Videos for example for each item? or a complex Master/Detail template with Save and edit Buttons?

8 - winforms 是否提供一致且充分的文档模型可以创建高保真 WYSIWYG 文档和其他类型的丰富内容吗?

8 - Does winforms provide a consistent and adequate Document Model that enables the creation of high-fidelity WYSIWYG documents and other types of rich content?

推荐答案

要回答首要问题 - 如何在 WinForms 中执行此操作 - 我建议如下:

To answer the overarching question - how to do this in WinForms - I'd suggest the following:

1. 在您的 WinForms 应用程序中使用 WPF ListBox，包装在 ElementHost 中.这有其自身的问题，但我认为这是获得预期效果的最干净的方式.

1. Use a WPF ListBox in your WinForms application, wrapped in an ElementHost. This has its own issues, but I think it's the cleanest way to get the desired effect.

如果这不符合要求，那么

使用具有支持此功能的组件的第三方控制套件(Infragistics 和 DevExpress 都支持).

Use a third party control suite that has components which support this (Infragistics and DevExpress both do).

旋转您自己的派生 ListBox 控件来覆盖绘制等以呈现所需的内容.

Spin your own derived ListBox control that overrides paint, etc to render the desired content.

针对您的个人问题:

1. ^{有没有办法在 Windows 窗体中实现相同的目标，同时保持 View 和 View 之间的关注点分离代码>应用逻辑，这样如果我以后想完全重新定义View，我就不必重构整个应用程序?}
   过去，我在 Windows 窗体中使用了 MVP(模型-视图-演示者)范例.它适用于将视图与业务逻辑分离，尽管不如使用 WPF 的 MVVM 方法干净.我能给出的最好建议是:不要将业务逻辑放在事件处理程序中.

1. ^{Is there any way to achieve the same in Windows Forms, all while maintaining separation of concerns between the View and the Application Logic in such a way that if I later wanted to completely redefine the View, I wouldn't have to refactor the entire application?}
   In the past, I've used the MVP (model-view-presenter) paradigm with Windows Forms. It works for separating the view from the business logic, albeit not as cleanly as an MVVM approach with WPF. The best advice I can give is: don't put business logic in event handlers.

^{winforms 是否支持数据绑定，使得我的每个 ListBoxItems 都可以绑定到一个复杂的 Entity，最终包括一个从模型数据到 UI 数据并返回的中间类型转换，这样我就不必编写大量样板代码来填充视图，然后将 UI 值传递回模型以保存?}
不可以.Windows 窗体数据绑定不支持复杂数据绑定.您可以通过 ICustomTypeDescriptor 或 IBindingSource 自己实现一些东西，它们可以采用复杂的路径并评估它们以用于绑定目的......但没有任何开箱即用的东西.

^{Does winforms support databinding in such a way that each of my ListBoxItems can be bound to a complex Entity, eventually including an intermediate type conversion from Model data to UI data and back, in such a way that I don't have to write tons of boilerplate code to populate the view and then pass the UI values back into the Model in order to save?}
No. Windows Forms databinding does not support complex data binding. You could implement something yourself via ICustomTypeDescriptor or IBindingSource that can take complex paths and evaluate them for binding purposes...but nothing exists out of the box for this.

^{如果我想以当前 SelectedItem 将自身动画扩展为某种"Row Details"模式，在那里可以看到很多附加信息?}
您必须滚动自己的 Windows 窗体 ListBox 和 ListBoxItems 并覆盖绘制操作.

^{What if I wanted to introduce Animations in such a way that the currently SelectedItem would animatedly expand itself into some kind of "Row Details" mode, where you can see a lot of additional information?}
You'd have to roll your own Windows Forms ListBox and ListBoxItems and override the paint operations.

^{winforms 是否支持 UI 虚拟化，如果我有，比如说 100 万个项目，加载 UI 不需要一生，并且只呈现屏幕上可见的内容?}
不是开箱即用的，但一些第三方控制套件具有支持虚拟化类型的组件……但与 WPF 完全不同.

^{Does winforms support UI Virtualization in such a way that if I have, say 1 million items it doesn't take a lifetime to load the UI, and only render what's visible on screen?}
Not out of the box, but some third party control suites have components that support types of virtualization...but not at all in the same way WPF does.

^{假设我想在方程式中引入复杂的图形.winforms 渲染硬件加速了吗?}
Windows 窗体基于 GDI+.GDI+ 不是硬件加速:Windows 窗体在 Windows7 下非常慢?

^{我如何使所有这些Resolution Independent 以这样的方式使 ListBox 及其所有内容拉伸到可用的窗口大小以利用更大的屏幕同时保持与较小的兼容性?}
您可以使用 Windows 窗体中的停靠和锚定来完成此操作.或者，您可以添加自定义事件处理程序，以根据分辨率和窗口大小执行适当的布局调整.

^{How do I make all this Resolution Independent in such a way that the ListBox and all its contents stretch to the available window size in order to leverage larger screens while maintaining compatibility with smaller ones?}
You can use Docking and Anchoring in Windows Forms to accomplish this. Or you can add custom event handlers to perform appropriate layout adjustments based on resolution and Window size.

^{建议使用 ListView 控件而不是常规的 ListBox，ListView 是否可以提供向其中添加任何 UI 的能力?我可以为每个项目添加视频吗?还是带有保存和编辑按钮的复杂主/细节模板?}
这是简化...但 ListView 只是一个支持多种视图类型的 ListBox.它在数据绑定方面也受到更多限制.http://blog.gfader.com/2008/09/winforms-listbox-vs-listview.html.

^{It's been suggested to use the ListView control instead of a regular ListBox, does the ListView provide the ability to add ANY UI into it? can I add Videos for example for each item? or a complex Master/Detail template with Save and edit Buttons?}
This is simplifying...but a ListView is simply a ListBox that supports multiple view types. It is also more limited in terms of databinding. http://blog.gfader.com/2008/09/winforms-listbox-vs-listview.html.

^{winforms 是否提供了一致且充分的 [文档模型][2] 以支持创建高保真 WYSIWYG 文档和其他类型的丰富内容?}
一点都不.一点也不.

^{Does winforms provide a consistent and adequate [Document Model][2] that enables the creation of high-fidelity WYSIWYG documents and other types of rich content?}
No. Not at all. Not even a little bit.

简而言之，如果这是一个可以接受的解决方案，我会将您的 WPF ListView 包装在 ElementHost 中并收工.

In short, if it's an acceptable solution, I'd wrap your WPF ListView in an ElementHost and call it a day.

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