使用 python 向 RESTful API 发出请求 [英] Making a request to a RESTful API using python

问题描述

我有一个 RESTful API，我使用 EC2 实例上的 Elasticsearch 实现公开了该 API，以索引内容语料库.我可以通过从我的终端 (MacOSX) 运行以下命令来查询搜索:

I have a RESTful API that I have exposed using an implementation of Elasticsearch on an EC2 instance to index a corpus of content. I can query the search by running the following from my terminal (MacOSX):

curl -XGET 'http://ES_search_demo.com/document/record/_search?pretty=true' -d '{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "text": {
            "record.document": "SOME_JOURNAL"
          }
        },
        {
          "text": {
            "record.articleTitle": "farmers"
          }
        }
      ],
      "must_not": [],
      "should": []
    }
  },
  "from": 0,
  "size": 50,
  "sort": [],
  "facets": {}
}'

我如何使用 python/requests 或 python/urllib2 将上面的请求转换为 API 请求(不确定要使用哪个 - 一直在使用 urllib2，但听说那个要求更好......)?我是作为标题传递还是以其他方式传递?

How do I turn above into a API request using python/requests or python/urllib2 (not sure which one to go for - have been using urllib2, but hear that requests is better...)? Do I pass as a header or otherwise?

推荐答案

使用请求:

import requests
url = 'http://ES_search_demo.com/document/record/_search?pretty=true'
data = '''{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "text": {
            "record.document": "SOME_JOURNAL"
          }
        },
        {
          "text": {
            "record.articleTitle": "farmers"
          }
        }
      ],
      "must_not": [],
      "should": []
    }
  },
  "from": 0,
  "size": 50,
  "sort": [],
  "facets": {}
}'''
response = requests.post(url, data=data)

根据您的 API 返回的响应类型，您可能需要查看 response.text 或 response.json()(或可能检查 response.status_code 首先).查看快速入门文档此处，尤其是本节.

Depending on what kind of response your API returns, you will then probably want to look at response.text or response.json() (or possibly inspect response.status_code first). See the quickstart docs here, especially this section.

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