如何使用 LINQ 获取序列中除最后一个元素之外的所有元素? [英] How to take all but the last element in a sequence using LINQ?

问题描述

假设我有一个序列.

IEnumerable<int> sequence = GetSequenceFromExpensiveSource();
// sequence now contains: 0,1,2,3,...,999999,1000000

获取序列并不便宜，而且是动态生成的，我只想遍历一次.

Getting the sequence is not cheap and is dynamically generated, and I want to iterate through it once only.

我想得到 0 - 999999(即除最后一个元素之外的所有内容)

I want to get 0 - 999999 (i.e. everything but the last element)

我意识到我可以执行以下操作:

I recognize that I could do something like:

sequence.Take(sequence.Count() - 1);

但这会导致对大序列进行两次枚举.

but that results in two enumerations over the big sequence.

是否有一个 LINQ 结构可以让我这样做:

Is there a LINQ construct that lets me do:

sequence.TakeAllButTheLastElement();

推荐答案

我不知道 Linq 解决方案 - 但是您可以使用生成器(收益率)轻松地自己编写算法.

I don't know a Linq solution - But you can easily code the algorithm by yourself using generators (yield return).

public static IEnumerable<T> TakeAllButLast<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source) {
    var it = source.GetEnumerator();
    bool hasRemainingItems = false;
    bool isFirst = true;
    T item = default(T);

    do {
        hasRemainingItems = it.MoveNext();
        if (hasRemainingItems) {
            if (!isFirst) yield return item;
            item = it.Current;
            isFirst = false;
        }
    } while (hasRemainingItems);
}

static void Main(string[] args) {
    var Seq = Enumerable.Range(1, 10);

    Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", Seq.Select(x => x.ToString()).ToArray()));
    Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", Seq.TakeAllButLast().Select(x => x.ToString()).ToArray()));
}

或者作为丢弃最后 n 项的通用解决方案(使用如评论中建议的队列):

Or as a generalized solution discarding the last n items (using a queue like suggested in the comments):

public static IEnumerable<T> SkipLastN<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, int n) {
    var  it = source.GetEnumerator();
    bool hasRemainingItems = false;
    var  cache = new Queue<T>(n + 1);

    do {
        if (hasRemainingItems = it.MoveNext()) {
            cache.Enqueue(it.Current);
            if (cache.Count > n)
                yield return cache.Dequeue();
        }
    } while (hasRemainingItems);
}

static void Main(string[] args) {
    var Seq = Enumerable.Range(1, 4);

    Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", Seq.Select(x => x.ToString()).ToArray()));
    Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", Seq.SkipLastN(3).Select(x => x.ToString()).ToArray()));
}

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