未调用 Java 密钥侦听器 [英] java keylistener not called

问题描述

我在 Java 中使用 KeyListener 编写了一个示例代码，我创建了一个 JPanel，然后将它的 focusable 设置为 true，我创建了一个 KeyListener，请求了一个焦点，然后将 KeyListener 添加到我的面板中.但是 keyListener 的方法永远不会被调用.好像虽然我请求了焦点，但它没有焦点.

I have written a sample code using KeyListener in Java, I have created a JPanel, then set its focusable to true, I have created a KeyListener, requested a focus and then added the KeyListener to my panel. But the methods for the keyListener are never called. It seems although I have requested focus, it does not focus.

有人可以帮忙吗?

listener = new KeyLis();
this.setFocusable(true);
this.requestFocus();
this.addKeyListener(listener);

 class KeyLis implements KeyListener{

    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        currentver += 5;
         switch (e.getKeyCode()) {
            case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT : if(horizontalyInBounds()) currentPos-= 5;  
                 break;
            case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT: if(horizontalyInBounds()) currentPos+= 5;  
                 break;
        }
        repaint();
    }

    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    }

    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
    }
}

如果需要任何可运行的代码:

If any runnable code should be needed:

  import java.awt.Color;
  import java.awt.Graphics;
  import java.util.Random;

  import javax.swing.JFrame;
  import javax.swing.JLabel;


 public class test extends JFrame {

private AreaOfGame areaOfGame;

public test()
{
    super("");
    setVisible(true);
    this.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    this.pack();
    setLayout(null);
    setBounds(200, 10, 400, 700);

    areaOfGame = new AreaOfGame();
    this.add(areaOfGame);

    startGame();
}

public int generateNext()
{
    Random r = new Random();
    int n = r.nextInt(7);
    return n;
}

public void startGame()
{
    while(!areaOfGame.GameOver())
    {
        areaOfGame.startGame(generateNext());
    }
}


public static void main(String[] args) {
    new MainFrame();
}


import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class AreaOfGame extends JPanel {


    private static final int rightside = 370;

    private int bottom;
    private int top;

    private int currentPos;
    private int currentver;
    private KeyLis listener;

    public AreaOfGame()
    {
        super();

        bottom = 650;
        top = 50;
        setLayout(null);
        setBounds(20, 50, 350, 600);
        setVisible(true);


        this.setBackground(Color.lightGray);

        listener = new KeyLis();
        this.setFocusable(true);
        if(this.requestFocus(true))
            System.out.println("true");;
        this.addKeyListener(listener);


        currentPos = 150;
        currentver=0;
    }

    public void startGame(int n)
    {
        while(verticallyInBound()){
            System.out.println("anything");

        }


    }

    public boolean verticallyInBound()
    {
        if(currentPos<= bottom -50)
            return true;
        return false;
    }


    public boolean GameOver()
    {
        if(top>= bottom){
            System.out.println("game over");
            return true;
        }

        else return false;
    }


    public boolean horizontalyInBounds()
    {
        if(currentPos<=rightside && currentPos>= 20)
            return true;
        else return false;
    }


class KeyLis implements KeyListener{

        @Override
        public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
            System.out.println("called");
            currentver += 5;
             switch (e.getKeyCode()) {
                case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT : if(horizontalyInBounds()) currentPos-= 5;  break;
                case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT: if(horizontalyInBounds()) currentPos+= 5;  break;
            }
            repaint();


        }

        @Override
        public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub

        }

        @Override
        public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
            System.out.println("called 3");
        }
}

}

推荐答案

我敢打赌，您是在 JPanel 呈现之前请求焦点(在顶级窗口具有 pack() 或 setVisible(true) 调用)，如果是这样，这将不起作用.焦点请求可能只会在组件呈现后 被授予.您是否检查过对 requestFocus() 的调用返回了什么?它必须返回 true 才能让您的调用有任何成功的机会.此外，最好使用 requestFocusInWindow() 而不是 requestFocus().

I'll bet that you're requesting focus before the JPanel has been rendered (before the top level window has either had pack() or setVisible(true) called), and if so, this won't work. Focus request will only be possibly granted after components have been rendered. Have you checked what your call to requestFocus() has returned? It must return true for your call to have any chance for a success. Also it's better to use requestFocusInWindow() rather than requestFocus().

但更重要的是，您不应该为此使用 KeyListeners，而应该使用键绑定，这是 Swing 本身用来响应按键的更高级别的概念.

But more importantly, you shouldn't be using KeyListeners for this but rather key bindings, a higher level concept that Swing itself uses to respond to key presses.

编辑
SSCCE 的示例:

import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class TestKeyListener extends JPanel {
   private KeyLis listener;

   public TestKeyListener() {
      add(new JButton("Foo")); // something to draw off focus
      listener = new KeyLis();
      this.setFocusable(true);
      this.requestFocus();
      this.addKeyListener(listener);
   }

   @Override
   public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
      return new Dimension(300, 200);
   }

   private class KeyLis extends KeyAdapter {
      @Override
      public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
         switch (e.getKeyCode()) {
         case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
            System.out.println("VK_LEFT pressed");
            break;
         case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
            System.out.println("VK_RIGHT pressed");
            break;
         }
      }
   }

   private static void createAndShowGui() {
      TestKeyListener mainPanel = new TestKeyListener();

      JFrame frame = new JFrame("TestKeyListener");
      frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
      frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
      frame.pack();
      frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
      frame.setVisible(true);
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
         public void run() {
            createAndShowGui();
         }
      });
   }
}

编辑 2
以及使用键绑定的等效 SSCCE:

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class TestKeyBindings extends JPanel {

   public TestKeyBindings() {
      add(new JButton("Foo")); // something to draw off focus
      setKeyBindings();
   }

   private void setKeyBindings() {
      ActionMap actionMap = getActionMap();
      int condition = JComponent.WHEN_IN_FOCUSED_WINDOW;
      InputMap inputMap = getInputMap(condition );

      String vkLeft = "VK_LEFT";
      String vkRight = "VK_RIGHT";
      inputMap.put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_LEFT, 0), vkLeft);
      inputMap.put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT, 0), vkRight);

      actionMap.put(vkLeft, new KeyAction(vkLeft));
      actionMap.put(vkRight, new KeyAction(vkRight));

   }

   @Override
   public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
      return new Dimension(300, 200);
   }

   private class KeyAction extends AbstractAction {
      public KeyAction(String actionCommand) {
         putValue(ACTION_COMMAND_KEY, actionCommand);
      }

      @Override
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvt) {
         System.out.println(actionEvt.getActionCommand() + " pressed");
      }
   }

   private static void createAndShowGui() {
      TestKeyBindings mainPanel = new TestKeyBindings();

      JFrame frame = new JFrame("TestKeyListener");
      frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
      frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
      frame.pack();
      frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
      frame.setVisible(true);
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
         public void run() {
            createAndShowGui();
         }
      });
   }
}

编辑 3
关于您最近的 SSCCE，您的 while (true) 循环正在阻塞您的 Swing 事件线程，并且可能会阻止用户交互或绘画发生.最好使用 Swing Timer 而不是 while (true).例如:

Edit 3
Regarding your recent SSCCE, your while (true) loops are blocking your Swing event thread and may prevent user interaction or painting from happening. Better to use a Swing Timer rather than while (true). For example:

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.swing.*;

public class BbbTest extends JFrame {

   private AreaOfGame areaOfGame;

   public BbbTest() {
      super("");
//      setVisible(true);
      this.setBackground(Color.darkGray);
      setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
      this.pack();
      setLayout(null);
      setBounds(200, 10, 400, 700);

      areaOfGame = new AreaOfGame();
      this.add(areaOfGame);
      setVisible(true);

      startGame();
   }

   public int generateNext() {
      Random r = new Random();
      int n = r.nextInt(7);
      return n;
   }

   public void startGame() {
      // while (!areaOfGame.GameOver()) {
      // areaOfGame.startGame(generateNext());
      // }

      areaOfGame.startGame(generateNext());
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {
      new BbbTest();
   }

   class AreaOfGame extends JPanel {

      private static final int rightside = 370;

      private int bottom;
      private int top;

      private int currentPos;
      private int currentver;
      private KeyLis listener;

      public AreaOfGame() {
         super();

         bottom = 650;
         top = 50;
         setLayout(null);
         setBounds(20, 50, 350, 600);
         setVisible(true);

         this.setBackground(Color.lightGray);

         listener = new KeyLis();
         this.setFocusable(true);
         if (this.requestFocus(true))
            System.out.println("true");
         ;
         this.addKeyListener(listener);

         currentPos = 150;
         currentver = 0;
      }

      public void startGame(int n) {
         // while (verticallyInBound()) {
         // System.out.println("anything");
         // }

         int timeDelay = 50; // msecs delay
         new Timer(timeDelay , new ActionListener() {

            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
               System.out.println("anything");
            }
         }).start();

      }

      public boolean verticallyInBound() {
         if (currentPos <= bottom - 50)
            return true;
         return false;
      }

      public boolean GameOver() {
         if (top >= bottom) {
            System.out.println("game over");
            return true;
         }

         else
            return false;
      }

      public boolean horizontalyInBounds() {
         if (currentPos <= rightside && currentPos >= 20)
            return true;
         else
            return false;
      }

      class KeyLis implements KeyListener {

         @Override
         public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
            System.out.println("called");
            currentver += 5;
            switch (e.getKeyCode()) {
            case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
               if (horizontalyInBounds())
                  currentPos -= 5;
               break;
            case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
               if (horizontalyInBounds())
                  currentPos += 5;
               break;
            }
            repaint();

         }

         @Override
         public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub

         }

         @Override
         public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
            System.out.println("called 3");
         }
      }
   }
}

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