Python 列出目录、子目录和文件 [英] Python list directory, subdirectory, and files

问题描述

我正在尝试编写一个脚本来列出给定目录中的所有目录、子目录和文件.
我试过这个:

import sys,osroot = "/home/patate/directory/"path = os.path.join(root, "targetdirectory")对于 os.walk(path) 中的 r,d,f:对于 f 中的文件:打印 os.path.join(root,file)

不幸的是它不能正常工作.
我得到了所有文件，但没有得到它们的完整路径.

例如，如果 dir 结构是:

<前>/home/patate/directory/targetdirectory/123/456/789/file.txt

它会打印:

<前>/home/patate/directory/targetdirectory/file.txt

我需要的是第一个结果.任何帮助将不胜感激！谢谢.

解决方案

使用os.path.join连接目录和文件名称:

for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(root):对于文件中的名称:打印(os.path.join(路径，名称))

注意在连接中使用 path 而不是 root，因为使用 root 是不正确的.

---

在 Python 3.4 中，添加了 pathlib 模块以简化路径操作.所以等价于 os.path.join 将是:

pathlib.PurePath(path, name)

pathlib 的优点是你可以在路径上使用各种有用的方法.如果您使用具体的 Path 变体，您还可以通过它们进行实际的操作系统调用，例如切换到目录、删除路径、打开它指向的文件等等.

I'm trying to make a script to list all directory, subdirectory, and files in a given directory.
I tried this:

import sys,os

root = "/home/patate/directory/"
path = os.path.join(root, "targetdirectory")

for r,d,f in os.walk(path):
    for file in f:
        print os.path.join(root,file)

Unfortunatly it doesn't work properly.
I get all the files, but not their complete paths.

For example if the dir struct would be:

/home/patate/directory/targetdirectory/123/456/789/file.txt

It would print:

/home/patate/directory/targetdirectory/file.txt

What I need is the first result. Any help would be greatly appreciated! Thanks.

解决方案

Use os.path.join to concatenate the directory and file name:

for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(root):
    for name in files:
        print(os.path.join(path, name))

Note the usage of path and not root in the concatenation, since using root would be incorrect.

---

In Python 3.4, the pathlib module was added for easier path manipulations. So the equivalent to os.path.join would be:

pathlib.PurePath(path, name)

The advantage of pathlib is that you can use a variety of useful methods on paths. If you use the concrete Path variant you can also do actual OS calls through them, like changing into a directory, deleting the path, opening the file it points to and much more.

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