我将如何访问从一个类到另一个类的变量? [英] How would I access variables from one class to another?

问题描述

我正在编写一个使用多个类的程序.我有一个专门用于确定一组变量的值的类.然后我希望能够使用其他类访问这些变量的值.我的代码如下所示:

I am writing a program that is utilizing multiple classes. I have one class that is dedicated to determining values for a set of variables. I would then like to be able to access the values of those variables with other classes. My code looks as follows:

class ClassA(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.var1 = 1
        self.var2 = 2

    def methodA(self):
        self.var1 = self.var1 + self.var2
        return self.var1


class ClassB(ClassA):
    def __init__(self):
        self.var1 = ?
        self.var2 = ?

object1 = ClassA()
sum = object1.methodA()
print sum

我使用 classA 来初始化 2 个变量(var1 和 var2).然后我使用 methodA 添加它们，将结果保存为 var1(我认为这将使 var1 = 3 和 var2 = 2).我想知道的是，我如何让 ClassB 能够从 ClassA 中获取 var1 和 var2 的值?

I use classA to initialize 2 variables (var1 and var2). I then use methodA to add them, saving the result as var1 (I think this will make var1 = 3 and var2 = 2). What I want to know is how would I have ClassB then be able to get the values for var1 and var2 from ClassA?

推荐答案

var1 和 var2 是 实例变量.这意味着您必须将 ClassA 的实例发送到 ClassB 以便 ClassB 访问它，即:

var1 and var2 are instance variables. That means that you have to send the instance of ClassA to ClassB in order for ClassB to access it, i.e:

class ClassA(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.var1 = 1
        self.var2 = 2

    def methodA(self):
        self.var1 = self.var1 + self.var2
        return self.var1



class ClassB(ClassA):
    def __init__(self, class_a):
        self.var1 = class_a.var1
        self.var2 = class_a.var2

object1 = ClassA()
sum = object1.methodA()
object2 = ClassB(object1)
print sum

另一方面 - 如果您要使用类变量，您可以访问 var1 和 var2，而无需将 object1 作为参数发送给 ClassB.

On the other hand - if you were to use class variables, you could access var1 and var2 without sending object1 as a parameter to ClassB.

class ClassA(object):
    var1 = 0
    var2 = 0
    def __init__(self):
        ClassA.var1 = 1
        ClassA.var2 = 2

    def methodA(self):
        ClassA.var1 = ClassA.var1 + ClassA.var2
        return ClassA.var1



class ClassB(ClassA):
    def __init__(self):
        print ClassA.var1
        print ClassA.var2

object1 = ClassA()
sum = object1.methodA()
object2 = ClassB()
print sum

但是请注意，类变量在其类的所有实例之间共享.

Note, however, that class variables are shared among all instances of its class.

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