什么是“%_"?在 perl 中? [英] What is "%_" in perl?

问题描述

我刚刚得到了一个代码片段:

I've just been given a code snippet:

@list = grep { !$_{$_}++ } @list;

作为重复数据删除的惯用语.它似乎有效，但是 - perlvar 中没有列出 %_.

As an idiom for deduplication. It seems to work, but - there's no %_ listed in perlvar.

我通常会通过声明 %seen 来编写上述内容，例如:

I'd normally be writing the above by declaring %seen e.g.:

my %seen; my @list = grep { not $seen{$_}++ } @list;

但是 %_ 似乎有效，尽管它似乎是全局范围.谁能指出我的参考资料?(或者至少让我放心，执行上述操作不会破坏某些重要的东西！)

But %_ seems to work, although it seems to be global scope. Can anyone point me to a reference for it? (Or at least reassure me that doing the above isn't smashing something important!)

推荐答案

这是一个散列.您可以使用名为 _ 的哈希，因为 _ 是变量的有效名称.(我确定您熟悉 $_ 和 @_.)

It's a hash. You can have a hash named _ because _ is a valid name for a variable. (I'm sure you are familiar with $_ and @_.)

目前没有 Perl 内置程序设置它或隐式读取 %_，但保留标点变量，例如 %_.

No Perl builtin currently sets it or reads %_ implicitly, but punctuation variables such as %_ are reserved.

Perl 变量名也可以是数字序列或单个标点符号或控制字符(不推荐使用文字控制字符形式).这些名称都是 Perl 为特殊用途保留的

Perl variable names may also be a sequence of digits or a single punctuation or control character (with the literal control character form deprecated). These names are all reserved for special uses by Perl

<小时>

请注意，标点变量也很特殊，因为它们是超级全局变量".这意味着不合格的%_ 指的是根包中的%_，而不是当前包中的%_.

---

Note that punctuation variables are also special in that they are "super globals". This means that unqualified %_ refers to %_ in the root package, not %_ in the current package.

$ perl -E'
   %::x    = ( name => "%::x"    );
   %::_    = ( name => "%::_"    );
   %Foo::x = ( name => "%Foo::x" );
   %Foo::_ = ( name => "%Foo::_" );

   package Foo;

   say "%::x    = $::x{name}";
   say "%::_    = $::_{name}";
   say "%Foo::x = $Foo::x{name}";
   say "%Foo::_ = $Foo::_{name}";

   say "%x      = $x{name}";
   say "%_      = $_{name}";
'
%::x    = %::x
%::_    = %::_
%Foo::x = %Foo::x
%Foo::_ = %Foo::_
%x      = %Foo::x
%_      = %::_      <-- surprise!

这意味着忘记使用local %_(正如您所做的那样)会产生非常深远的影响.

This means that forgetting to use local %_ (as you did) can have very far-reaching effects.

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