matplotlib:我可以创建 AxesSubplot 对象，然后将它们添加到 Figure 实例吗? [英] matplotlib: can I create AxesSubplot objects, then add them to a Figure instance?

问题描述

查看 matplotlib 文档，将 AxesSubplot 添加到 Figure 的标准方法似乎是使用 Figure.add_subplot:

Looking at the matplotlib documentation, it seems the standard way to add an AxesSubplot to a Figure is to use Figure.add_subplot:

from matplotlib import pyplot

fig = pyplot.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax.hist( some params .... )

我希望能够独立于图形创建类似 AxesSubPlot 的对象，以便我可以在不同的图形中使用它们.类似的东西

I would like to be able to create AxesSubPlot-like objects independently of the figure, so I can use them in different figures. Something like

fig = pyplot.figure()
histoA = some_axes_subplot_maker.hist( some params ..... )
histoA = some_axes_subplot_maker.hist( some other params ..... )
# make one figure with both plots
fig.add_subaxes(histo1, 211)
fig.add_subaxes(histo1, 212)
fig2 = pyplot.figure()
# make a figure with the first plot only
fig2.add_subaxes(histo1, 111)

这在 matplotlib 中是否可行，如果可以，我该怎么做?

Is this possible in matplotlib and if so, how can I do this?

更新:我还没有设法将轴和图形的创建解耦，但是按照下面答案中的示例，可以轻松地在新的或 olf 图形实例中重新使用以前创建的轴.这可以用一个简单的函数来说明:

Update: I have not managed to decouple creation of Axes and Figures, but following examples in the answers below, can easily re-use previously created axes in new or olf Figure instances. This can be illustrated with a simple function:

def plot_axes(ax, fig=None, geometry=(1,1,1)):
    if fig is None:
        fig = plt.figure()
    if ax.get_geometry() != geometry :
        ax.change_geometry(*geometry)
    ax = fig.axes.append(ax)
    return fig

推荐答案

通常，您只需将坐标区实例传递给函数.

Typically, you just pass the axes instance to a function.

例如:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

def main():
    x = np.linspace(0, 6 * np.pi, 100)

    fig1, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(nrows=2)
    plot(x, np.sin(x), ax1)
    plot(x, np.random.random(100), ax2)

    fig2 = plt.figure()
    plot(x, np.cos(x))

    plt.show()

def plot(x, y, ax=None):
    if ax is None:
        ax = plt.gca()
    line, = ax.plot(x, y, 'go')
    ax.set_ylabel('Yabba dabba do!')
    return line

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

要回答您的问题，您可以随时执行以下操作:

To respond to your question, you could always do something like this:

def subplot(data, fig=None, index=111):
    if fig is None:
        fig = plt.figure()
    ax = fig.add_subplot(index)
    ax.plot(data)

此外，您可以简单地将轴实例添加到另一个图形中:

Also, you can simply add an axes instance to another figure:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig1, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(range(10))

fig2 = plt.figure()
fig2.axes.append(ax)

plt.show()

调整它的大小以匹配其他子情节形状"也是可能的，但它会很快变得比它值得的麻烦.根据我的经验，对于复杂情况，仅传递图形或轴实例(或实例列表)的方法要简单得多...

Resizing it to match other subplot "shapes" is also possible, but it's going to quickly become more trouble than it's worth. The approach of just passing around a figure or axes instance (or list of instances) is much simpler for complex cases, in my experience...

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