在 matplotlib 中绘制不同的颜色 [英] plotting different colors in matplotlib

问题描述

假设我有一个 for 循环，我想用不同的颜色绘制点:

Suppose I have a for loop and I want to plot points in different colors:

for i in range(5):
 plt.plot(x,y,col=i)

如何在 for 循环中自动更改颜色?

How do I automatically change colors in the for loop?

推荐答案

@tcaswell 已经回答了，但我正在输入我的答案，所以我会继续发布......

@tcaswell already answered, but I was in the middle of typing my answer up, so I'll go ahead and post it...

有多种不同的方法可以做到这一点.首先，matplotlib 将自动循环显示颜色.默认情况下，它会在蓝色、绿色、红色、青色、洋红色、黄色、黑色之间循环:

There are a number of different ways you could do this. To begin with, matplotlib will automatically cycle through colors. By default, it cycles through blue, green, red, cyan, magenta, yellow, black:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10)
for i in range(1, 6):
    plt.plot(x, i * x + i, label='$y = {i}x + {i}$'.format(i=i))
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()

如果你想控制matplotlib循环的颜色，使用ax.set_color_cycle:

If you want to control which colors matplotlib cycles through, use ax.set_color_cycle:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_color_cycle(['red', 'black', 'yellow'])
for i in range(1, 6):
    plt.plot(x, i * x + i, label='$y = {i}x + {i}$'.format(i=i))
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()

如果您想明确指定将使用的颜色，只需将其传递给 color kwarg(接受 html 颜色名称，如 rgb 元组和十六进制字符串):

If you'd like to explicitly specify the colors that will be used, just pass it to the color kwarg (html colors names are accepted, as are rgb tuples and hex strings):

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10)
for i, color in enumerate(['red', 'black', 'blue', 'brown', 'green'], start=1):
    plt.plot(x, i * x + i, color=color, label='$y = {i}x + {i}$'.format(i=i))
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()

最后，如果您想从现有颜色图中自动选择指定数量的颜色:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10)
number = 5
cmap = plt.get_cmap('gnuplot')
colors = [cmap(i) for i in np.linspace(0, 1, number)]

for i, color in enumerate(colors, start=1):
    plt.plot(x, i * x + i, color=color, label='$y = {i}x + {i}$'.format(i=i))
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()

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