显示带有标准 http 包的自定义 404 错误页面 [英] Showing custom 404 error page with standard http package

问题描述

假设我们有:

http.HandleFunc("/smth", smthPage)
http.HandleFunc("/", homePage)

当用户尝试错误的 URL 时，他们会看到一个简单的404 页面未找到".我如何为这种情况返回自定义页面?

User sees a plain "404 page not found" when they try a wrong URL. How can I return a custom page for that case?

关于 gorilla/mux 的更新

对于那些使用纯 net/http 包的人来说，接受的答案是可以的.

Accepted answer is ok for those using pure net/http package.

如果你使用 gorilla/mux，你应该使用这样的东西:

If you use gorilla/mux you should use something like this:

func main() {
    r := mux.NewRouter()
    r.NotFoundHandler = http.HandlerFunc(notFound)
}

并根据需要实现 func notFound(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request).

推荐答案

我通常这样做:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", homeHandler)
    http.HandleFunc("/smth/", smthHandler)
    http.ListenAndServe(":12345", nil)
}

func homeHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if r.URL.Path != "/" {
        errorHandler(w, r, http.StatusNotFound)
        return
    }
    fmt.Fprint(w, "welcome home")
}

func smthHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if r.URL.Path != "/smth/" {
        errorHandler(w, r, http.StatusNotFound)
        return
    }
    fmt.Fprint(w, "welcome smth")
}

func errorHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, status int) {
    w.WriteHeader(status)
    if status == http.StatusNotFound {
        fmt.Fprint(w, "custom 404")
    }
}

这里我已经将代码简化为仅显示自定义 404，但实际上我对这个设置做了更多的事情:我使用 errorHandler 处理所有 HTTP 错误，我在其中记录有用的信息并发送电子邮件给我自己.

Here I've simplified the code to only show custom 404, but I actually do more with this setup: I handle all the HTTP errors with errorHandler, in which I log useful information and send email to myself.

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