找不到类型匹配的 bean ... 为依赖找到 [英] No matching bean of type ... found for dependency

问题描述

在 springsource 论坛上尝试并等待答案几天后，我将在这里尝试.运行我的应用程序会导致以下异常:

after some days of trying and waitin' for answers on the springsource forums I'll try it here. Running my application results in these exception:

org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.example.my.services.user.UserService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:924)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:793)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:707)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:478)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:284)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1106)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:585)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:631)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:588)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:645)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:508)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:449)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:133)
    javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:212)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:859)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:602)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)

这是相关的代码

应用上下文:

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
  <property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver" />
  <property name="url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/test" />
  <property name="username" value="test" />
  <property name="password" value="test" />
</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
  <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
  <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.example.my.entities.*" />
  <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
  <property name="hibernateProperties">
    <props>
      <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</prop>
      <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
    </props>
  </property>
</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven />
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

com.example.my.entities.user:

com.example.my.entities.user:

@Entity
@Table( name = "tbl_users" )
public class User
{
  @Id
  @Column( name = "id" )
  @GeneratedValue
  private int id;

  @Column( name = "username" )
  private String username;

  @Column( name = "password" )
  private String password;

  public void setId( int id )
  {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public int getId()
  {
    return id;
  }

  public void setUsername( String username )
  {
    this.username = username;
  }

  public String getUsername()
  {
    return username;
  }

  public void setPassword( String password )
  {
    this.password = password;
  }

  public String getPassword()
  {
    return password;
  }
}

服务:

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService
{
  @Autowired
  private UserDAO userDAO;

  @Override
  @Transactional
  public void addUser( User user )
  {
    userDAO.addUser( user );
  }

  @Override
  @Transactional
  public List<User> listUsers()
  {
    return userDAO.listUsers();
  }

  @Override
  @Transactional
  public void removeUser( int id )
  {
    userDAO.removeUser( id );
  }
}

推荐答案

导致这种情况的原因有很多，我没有费心去检查你的整个存储库，所以我要在这里冒险一下.

Multiple things can cause this, I didn't bother to check your entire repository, so I'm going out on a limb here.

首先，如果您使用注解进行配置，您可能会在 com.example.my.services.user.UserService 的实现中缺少注解(@Service 或 @Component).如果您使用(仅)xml，则您可能缺少 <bean> - UserService 实现的定义.

First off, you could be missing an annotation (@Service or @Component) from the implementation of com.example.my.services.user.UserService, if you're using annotations for configuration. If you're using (only) xml, you're probably missing the <bean> -definition for the UserService-implementation.

如果您使用注解并且正确注释了实现，请检查是否扫描了实现所在的包(检查您的 <context:component-scan base-package= -值).

If you're using annotations and the implementation is annotated correctly, check that the package where the implementation is located in is scanned (check your <context:component-scan base-package= -value).

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