在 Elasticsearch 中插入多个文档 - 批量文档格式化程序 [英] Insert multiple documents in Elasticsearch - bulk doc formatter

问题描述

TLDR;如何批量格式化我的 JSON 文件以提取到 Elasticsearch?

TLDR; How can I bulk format my JSON file for ingestion to Elasticsearch?

我正在尝试将一些 NOAA 数据提取到 Elasticsearch 中，并且一直在使用 NOAA Python SDK.

I am attempting to ingest some NOAA data into Elasticsearch and have been utilizing NOAA Python SDK.

我编写了以下 Python 脚本来加载数据并将其存储为 JSON 格式.

I have written the following Python script to load the data and store it in a JSON format.

from noaa_sdk import noaa
import json

n = noaa.NOAA()
alerts = n.alerts()
f = open('nhc_alerts.json', 'w')
json.dump(alerts, f)
f.write('
')

JSON 输出:

{"@context": ["https://raw.githubusercontent.com/geojson/geojson-ld/master/contexts/geojson-base.jsonld", {"wx": "https://api.weather.gov/ontology#", "@vocab": "https://api.weather.gov/ontology#"}], "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [{"id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-KEEPALIVE-5246", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"@id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-KEEPALIVE-5246", "@type": "wx:Alert", "id": "NWS-IDP-PROD-KEEPALIVE-5246", "areaDesc": "Montgomery", "geocode": {"UGC": ["MDC031"], "SAME": ["024031"]}, "affectedZones": ["https://api.weather.gov/zones/county/MDC031"], "references": [], "sent": "2020-04-25T19:21:03+00:00", "effective": "2020-04-25T19:21:03+00:00", "onset": null, "expires": "2020-04-25T19:31:03+00:00", "ends": null, "status": "Test", "messageType": "Alert", "category": "Met", "severity": "Unknown", "certainty": "Unknown", "urgency": "Unknown", "event": "Test Message", "sender": "[e-mail]", "senderName": "NWS", "headline": null, "description": "Monitoring message only. Please disregard.", "instruction": "Monitoring message only. Please disregard.", "response": "None", "parameters": {"PIL": ["NWSKEPWBC"], "BLOCKCHANNEL": ["CMAS", "EAS", "NWEM"]}}}, {"id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-4179499-3536427", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"@id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-4179499-3536427", "@type": "wx:Alert", "id": "NWS-IDP-PROD-4179499-3536427", "areaDesc": "La Salle; Livingston", "geocode": {"UGC": ["ILZ019", "ILZ032"], "SAME": ["017099", "017105"]}, "affectedZones": ["https://api.weather.gov/zones/forecast/ILZ019", "https://api.weather.gov/zones/forecast/ILZ032"], "references": [{"@id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-4179245-3536278", "identifier": "NWS-IDP-PROD-4179245-3536278", "sender": "[e-mail]", "sent": "2020-04-25T10:02:00-05:00"}, {"@id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-4178935-3536074", "identifier": "NWS-IDP-PROD-4178935-3536074", "sender": "[e-mail]", "sent": "2020-04-25T03:09:00-05:00"}], "sent": "2020-04-25T14:21:00-05:00", "effective": "2020-04-25T14:21:00-05:00", "onset": "2020-04-25T14:21:00-05:00", "expires": "2020-04-25T22:30:00-05:00", "ends": "2020-04-26T01:00:00-05:00", "status": "Actual", "messageType": "Update", "category": "Met", "severity": "Severe", "certainty": "Possible", "urgency": "Future", "event": "Flood Watch", "sender": "[e-mail]", "senderName": "NWS Chicago IL", "headline": "Flood Watch issued April 25 at 2:21PM CDT until April 26 at 1:00AM CDT by NWS Chicago IL", "description": "The Flood Watch is now in effect for

* Livingston and La Salle counties in north central Illinois

* Until 1 AM CDT Sunday

* WHAT...Steady rain. One to two inches of rain has already
fallen. Additional rainfall amounts of one inch or locally more
are possible which may lead to total rainfall amounts in excess
of three inches.

* IMPACTS...Rises in rivers and small streams will occur with
flooding possible. This especially includes the Vermilion River
and its tributary streams, and the Illinois River. Roadways,
viaducts, ditches, agricultural land, and other poor drainage
areas may become flooded.", "instruction": "A Flood Watch means there is a potential for flooding based on
current forecasts.

You should monitor later forecasts and be alert for possible
Flood Warnings. Those living in areas prone to flooding should be
prepared to take action should flooding develop.", "response": "Prepare", "parameters": {"NWSheadline": ["FLOOD WATCH NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 AM CDT SUNDAY"], "VTEC": ["/O.EXT.KLOT.FA.A.0002.000000T0000Z-200426T0600Z/"], "EAS-ORG": ["WXR"], "PIL": ["LOTFFALOT"], "BLOCKCHANNEL": ["CMAS", "EAS", "NWEM"], "eventEndingTime": ["2020-04-26T01:00:00-05:00"]}}}, {"id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-4179497-3536425", "type": "Feature", "geometry": null, "properties": {"@id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-4179497-3536425", "@type": "wx:Alert", "id": "NWS-IDP-PROD-4179497-3536425", "areaDesc": "San Luis Obispo County Central Coast; Santa Barbara County Central Coast; Santa Ynez Valley", "geocode": {"UGC": ["CAZ034", "CAZ035", "CAZ036"], "SAME": ["006079", "006083"]}, "affectedZones": ["https://api.weather.gov/zones/forecast/CAZ034", "https://api.weather.gov/zones/forecast/CAZ035", "https://api.weather.gov/zones/forecast/CAZ036"], "references": [{"@id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-4177692-3535278", "identifier": "NWS-IDP-PROD-4177692-3535278", "sender": "[e-mail]", "sent": "2020-04-24T08:54:00-07:00"}, {"@id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-4178774-3535999", "identifier": "NWS-IDP-PROD-4178774-3535999", "sender": "[e-mail]", "sent": "2020-04-24T21:37:00-07:00"}, {"@id": "https://api.weather.gov/alerts/NWS-IDP-PROD-4179040-3536147", "identifier": "NWS-IDP-PROD-4179040-3536147", "sender": "[e-mail]", "sent": 

这个脚本解决了我遇到的一些格式化问题，我的下一个障碍是尝试格式化它，以便我可以利用 elasticsearch 中的批量导入功能.我偶然发现了一个答案，它在一定程度上有效，我遇到的问题是它会插入适当的索引字符串，但是它在每个字符之后都这样做.

This script takes care of some of the formatting issues I encountered, my next hurdle has been attempting to format it so that I can utilize the bulk import function in elasticsearch. I stumbled across an answer which works to an extent, the issue that I run into is that it will insert the appropriate Index string, but it is doing it after every character.

批量转换脚本:

import json


JSON_FILE_IN = "nhc_alerts.json"
JSON_FILE_OUT = "nhc_bulk.json"


out = open(JSON_FILE_OUT, 'w')
with open(JSON_FILE_IN, 'r') as json_in:
    docs = json.dumps(json_in.read())
    for doc in docs:
        out.write('%s
' % json.dumps({'index': {}}));
        out.write('%s
' % json.dumps(doc, indent=0).replace('
', ''))

批量脚本的输出:

{"index": {}}
"""
{"index": {}}
"{"
{"index": {}}
"\"
{"index": {}}
"""
{"index": {}}
"@"
{"index": {}}
"c"
{"index": {}}
"o"
{"index": {}}
"n"
{"index": {}}
"t"
{"index": {}}
"e"
{"index": {}}
"x"
{"index": {}}
"t"
{"index": {}}
"\"
{"index": {}}
"""
{"index": {}}
":"
{"index": {}}
" "
{"index": {}}
"["
{"index": {}}
"\"
{"index": {}}
"""
{"index": {}}
"h"
{"index": {}}
"t"
{"index": {}}
"t"
{"index": {}}
"p"
{"index": {}}
"s"
{"index": {}}
":"
{"index": {}}
"/"
{"index": {}}
"/"
{"index": {}}
"r"
{"index": {}}
"a"
{"index": {}}
"w"
{"index": {}}
"."
{"index": {}}
"g"
{"index": {}}
"i"
{"index": {}}
"t"
{"index": {}}
"h"
{"index": {}}
"u"
{"index": {}}
"b"
{"index": {}}
"u"
{"index": {}}
"s"
{"index": {}}
"e"
{"index": {}}
"r"
{"index": {}}
"c"
{"index": {}}
"o"
{"index": {}}
"n"
{"index": {}}

理想情况下，我想将这两个脚本合并为一个，但此时，如果完成工作，我将运行两个单独的脚本.

Ideally, I'd like to combine both of these scripts into one, but at this point, I'll run two separate scripts if it gets the job done.

推荐答案

如何利用python官方客户端的bulk方法?

How about utilizing the bulk method of the official python client?

import json

from noaa_sdk import noaa
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
from elasticsearch.helpers import bulk


noaa_client = noaa.NOAA()
alerts = noaa_client.alerts()['features']

es = Elasticsearch()


def save_alerts():
    with open('nhc_alerts.json', 'w') as f:
        f.write(json.dumps(alerts))


def bulk_sync():
    actions = [
        {
            "_index": "my_noaa_index",
            "_source": alert
        } for alert in alerts
    ]

    bulk(es, actions)


save_alerts()
bulk_sync()

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