是否有内置函数来打印对象的所有当前属性和值? [英] Is there a built-in function to print all the current properties and values of an object?

问题描述

所以我在这里寻找的是类似于 PHP 的 print_r 函数.

这样我就可以通过查看相关对象的状态来调试我的脚本.

解决方案

你真的把两种不同的东西混在一起了.

使用dir()，vars() 或 inspect 模块以获取您感兴趣的内容(我使用 __builtins__ 作为示例；您可以使用任何对象代替).

<预><代码>>>>l = dir(__builtins__)>>>d = __builtins__.__dict__

打印你喜欢的字典:

<预><代码>>>>打印 l['ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError',...

或

<预><代码>>>>从 pprint 导入 pprint>>>打印(l)['算术错误','断言错误','属性错误','基础异常','弃用警告',...>>>pprint(d，缩进= 2){ 'ArithmeticError': <type 'exceptions.ArithmeticError'>,'AssertionError': ,'AttributeError': ,...'_': ['算术错误','断言错误','属性错误','基础异常','弃用警告',...

在交互式调试器中也可以通过命令进行漂亮的打印:

(Pdb) pp vars(){'__builtins__': {'ArithmeticError': <type 'exceptions.ArithmeticError'>,'AssertionError': ,'AttributeError': ,'BaseException': ,'BufferError': ,...'zip': <内置函数 zip>},'__file__': 'pass.py','__name__': '__main__'}

So what I'm looking for here is something like PHP's print_r function.

This is so I can debug my scripts by seeing what's the state of the object in question.

解决方案

You are really mixing together two different things.

Use dir(), vars() or the inspect module to get what you are interested in (I use __builtins__ as an example; you can use any object instead).

>>> l = dir(__builtins__)
>>> d = __builtins__.__dict__

Print that dictionary however fancy you like:

>>> print l
['ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError',...

or

>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> pprint(l)
['ArithmeticError',
 'AssertionError',
 'AttributeError',
 'BaseException',
 'DeprecationWarning',
...

>>> pprint(d, indent=2)
{ 'ArithmeticError': <type 'exceptions.ArithmeticError'>,
  'AssertionError': <type 'exceptions.AssertionError'>,
  'AttributeError': <type 'exceptions.AttributeError'>,
...
  '_': [ 'ArithmeticError',
         'AssertionError',
         'AttributeError',
         'BaseException',
         'DeprecationWarning',
...

Pretty printing is also available in the interactive debugger as a command:

(Pdb) pp vars()
{'__builtins__': {'ArithmeticError': <type 'exceptions.ArithmeticError'>,
                  'AssertionError': <type 'exceptions.AssertionError'>,
                  'AttributeError': <type 'exceptions.AttributeError'>,
                  'BaseException': <type 'exceptions.BaseException'>,
                  'BufferError': <type 'exceptions.BufferError'>,
                  ...
                  'zip': <built-in function zip>},
 '__file__': 'pass.py',
 '__name__': '__main__'}

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