如何使 backtrace()/backtrace_symbols() 打印函数名称? [英] How to make backtrace()/backtrace_symbols() print the function names?

问题描述

Linux 特定的backtrace() 和backtrace_symbols() 允许您生成程序的调用跟踪.但是，它只打印函数地址，而不是我的程序的名称.我怎样才能让他们也打印函数名称?我试过用 -g 和 -ggdb 编译程序.下面的测试用例只是打印这个:

<前>回溯-------------./a.out() [0x8048616]./a.out() [0x8048623]/lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf3) [0x4a937413]./a.out() [0x8048421]---------------

我希望前 2 项也显示函数名称，foo 和 main

代码:

#include #include #include #include #include static void full_write(int fd, const char *buf, size_t len){而 (len > 0) {ssize_t ret = write(fd, buf, len);if ((ret == -1) && (errno != EINTR))休息;buf += (size_t) ret;len -= (size_t) ret;}}无效print_backtrace(无效){static const char start[] = "BACKTRACE ------------
";static const char end[] = "----------------------
";无效* bt [1024];int bt_size;字符 **bt_syms;国际我;bt_size = 回溯(bt，1024)；bt_syms = backtrace_symbols(bt, bt_size);full_write(STDERR_FILENO, start, strlen(start));for (i = 1; i < bt_size; i++) {size_t len = strlen(bt_syms[i]);full_write(STDERR_FILENO, bt_syms[i], len);full_write(STDERR_FILENO, "
", 1);}full_write(STDERR_FILENO, end, strlen(end));免费(bt_syms)；}空 foo(){打印回溯()；}int main(){富()；返回0；}

解决方案

符号取自动态符号表；您需要gcc 的-rdynamic 选项，这使它向链接器传递一个标志，以确保所有 符号都放置在表中.

(请参阅 GCC 手册，和/或 glibc 手册的>回溯页面.)

The Linux specific backtrace() and backtrace_symbols() allows you to produce a call trace of the program. However, it only prints function addresses, not their names for my program. How can I make them print the function names as well ? I've tried compiling the program with -g as well as -ggdb. The test case below just prints this:

    BACKTRACE ------------
    ./a.out() [0x8048616]
    ./a.out() [0x8048623]
    /lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf3) [0x4a937413]
    ./a.out() [0x8048421]
    ----------------------
    

I'd want the first 2 items to also show the function names, foo and main

Code:

#include <execinfo.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

static void full_write(int fd, const char *buf, size_t len)
{
        while (len > 0) {
                ssize_t ret = write(fd, buf, len);

                if ((ret == -1) && (errno != EINTR))
                        break;

                buf += (size_t) ret;
                len -= (size_t) ret;
        }
}

void print_backtrace(void)
{
        static const char start[] = "BACKTRACE ------------
";
        static const char end[] = "----------------------
";

        void *bt[1024];
        int bt_size;
        char **bt_syms;
        int i;

        bt_size = backtrace(bt, 1024);
        bt_syms = backtrace_symbols(bt, bt_size);
        full_write(STDERR_FILENO, start, strlen(start));
        for (i = 1; i < bt_size; i++) {
                size_t len = strlen(bt_syms[i]);
                full_write(STDERR_FILENO, bt_syms[i], len);
                full_write(STDERR_FILENO, "
", 1);
        }
        full_write(STDERR_FILENO, end, strlen(end));
    free(bt_syms);
}
void foo()
{
    print_backtrace();
}

int main()
{
    foo();
    return 0;
}

解决方案

The symbols are taken from the dynamic symbol table; you need the -rdynamic option to gcc, which makes it pass a flag to the linker which ensures that all symbols are placed in the table.

(See the Link Options page of the GCC manual, and / or the Backtraces page of the glibc manual.)

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