在 .Net 中存根/模拟数据库 [英] Stubbing / mocking a database in .Net

问题描述

我有一个 web 服务，它基本上只是执行一些存储过程、转换数据并将其发送到浏览器.没有花哨的 ORM 映射器或类似的东西.为了能够在不访问数据库的情况下编写测试，我做了以下工作:

I have a webservice which basically just executes some stored procedures, transforms the data and sends it to the browser. No fancy ORM mapper or something like that involved. To be able to write test without accessing the database, I have done the following:

• 我已将所有对数据库的调用提取到一个类中.这些方法只返回 DataSet 和 DataTable 对象.
• 为每个方法执行一个示例调用并将 DataSet/DataTable 序列化到磁盘.
• 提取了一个公开所有可用方法的接口.
• 实现了一个假数据库类，它只加载序列化数据并返回它.

现在我已经序列化了样本结果，我可以在我的项目中检查这些结果，并且我可以在我的测试中使用假数据库.

Now I have serialized sample results which I can check in with my project, and I can use the fake database in my tests.

这对我来说效果很好.是否有一些框架可以更轻松地创建和加载示例数据?我当前的项目很小，但我会在更大的项目中使用相同的架构.

This works quite well for me. Is there some framework which makes creating and loading the sample data easier? My current project is small, but I would use the same schema in larger projects.

更新:

显然所有的答案都没有错，但没有抓住重点.我知道单元测试的基础知识.但是我的代码正在使用 DataTables，所以我必须以某种方式伪造我的 DataTables.从头开始构建 DataTable 并不是一件容易的事，它会使我的测试变得臃肿并降低可读性.就我而言，手动生成有用的样本数据是完全不可能的.

Obviously all answers are not wrong, but miss the point. I'm aware of the basics of unit testing. But my code is working with DataTables, so I would have to somehow fake my DataTables. Building a DataTable from scratch is not an easy task, and it would bloat my tests and reduce readability. In my case, it would be quite impossible to generate useful sample data by hand.

因此，我对示例数据库执行了一些示例调用以获取一些数据表.我已将这些表序列化到磁盘，并在测试时使用序列化版本创建我的假数据表.这样测试就独立于数据库.

Therefore, I executed some sample calls against a sample database to get some DataTables. I have serialized these tables to disk and use the serialized versions to create my fake DataTables when testing. That way the tests are independent of the database.

关于如何构建代码有不同的选择，以便更容易地反序列化表.但这些是目前不需要讨论的实现细节.我的问题如下:

There are different options regarding how to structure the code, to make deserialization of the tables easier. But those are implementation details which don't need a discussion at this point. My problem is the following:

管理示例调用和(反)序列化表是一项乏味的工作.我正在寻找一些工具来简化此过程.

Managing the sample calls and (de)serializing the tables is tedious work. I was looking for some tools to make this easier.

推荐答案

从阅读其他答案和您所做的各种评论来看，您似乎想要一种更简单的方法来生成大型填充数据集以进行集成测试数据库.

From reading the other answers and various comments you've made, it seems you want an easier way to generate large populated datasets for integration testing that doesn't hit the database.

NBuilder 是一个很棒的开源库，我已经成功地使用它来创建大量测试数据.只需结合 NBuilder、一些基本的 POCO 对象类和一些反射 - 您将拥有大量可立即轻松组合成数据集的庞大数据表:

NBuilder is a great open-source library that I've successfully used to create large amounts of test data. Simply combine NBuilder, a few basic POCO object classes, and some reflection - you'll have plenty of huge datatables you can easily combine into datasets in no time:

public class Person
{
    public string First { get; set; }
    public string Last { get; set; }
    public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }
}

private DataTable GenerateDataTable<T>(int rows)
{
    var datatable = new DataTable(typeof(T).Name);
    typeof(T).GetProperties().ToList().ForEach(
        x => datatable.Columns.Add(x.Name));
    Builder<T>.CreateListOfSize(rows).Build()
        .ToList().ForEach(
            x => datatable.LoadDataRow(x.GetType().GetProperties().Select(
                y => y.GetValue(x, null)).ToArray(), true));
    return datatable;
}

var dataset = new DataSet();
dataset.Tables.AddRange(new[]{
        GenerateDataTable<Person>(50),
        GenerateDataTable<Dog>(100)});

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