如何在ggplot2中绘制显示基于组的百分比的堆叠条? [英] How to draw stacked bars in ggplot2 that show percentages based on group?

问题描述

我的数据框是

 df = read.table(text = "
id   year  type amount
1  1991  HIIT     22
2  1991 inter    144
3  1991  VIIT     98
4  1992  HIIT     20
5  1992 inter    136
6  1992  VIIT    108
7  1993  HIIT     20
8  1993 inter    120
9  1993  VIIT    124
10 1994  HIIT     26
11 1994 inter    118
12 1994  VIIT    120
13 1995  HIIT     23
14 1995 inter    101
15 1995  VIIT    140
16 1996  HIIT     27
17 1996 inter    103
18 1996  VIIT    162
19 1997  HIIT     24
20 1997 inter     96
21 1997  VIIT    172
22 1998  HIIT     24
23 1998 inter     92
24 1998  VIIT    177
25 1999  HIIT     28
26 1999 inter     45
27 1999  VIIT    220
28 2000  HIIT     26
29 2000 inter     36
30 2000  VIIT    231
31 2001  HIIT     29
32 2001 inter     30
33 2001  VIIT    233
34 2002  HIIT     37
35 2002 inter     35
36 2002  VIIT    221
37 2003  HIIT     41
38 2003 inter     34
39 2003  VIIT    218
40 2004  HIIT     28
41 2004 inter     38
42 2004  VIIT    226
43 2005  HIIT     34
44 2005 inter     41
45 2005  VIIT    216
46 2006  HIIT     28
47 2006 inter     40
48 2006  VIIT    222
49 2007  HIIT     37
50 2007 inter     42
51 2007  VIIT    199
52 2008  HIIT     35
53 2008 inter     60
54 2008  VIIT    185
55 2009  HIIT     47
56 2009 inter     51
57 2009  VIIT    181
58 2010  HIIT     44
59 2010 inter     44
60 2010  VIIT    174
61 2011  HIIT     44
62 2011 inter     47
63 2011  VIIT    171
64 2012  HIIT     37
65 2012 inter     49
66 2012  VIIT    178", header = TRUE, sep = "")
> 

我想绘制每年的堆叠条形图.这些条形图应显示每年(inter"、VIT"、HIIT")的百分比.我使用了以下代码，但它给出了整列(金额)总数的百分比，而不是一年内的总数.

I want to draw stacked barplots for each year. These barplot should show percentages of ("inter", "VIIT","HIIT") within each year. I have used the following codes, but that give percentages of the whole column (amount) total, not within year total.

我的代码是:

library(ggplot2)

ggplot(df, aes(x=factor(year), fill = factor(type),
            y = amount/sum(amount)*100)) +
  xlab("Trade Type")+
  ylab(" % share") +
  geom_bar()

我还想知道如何更改图例标题并在图表上显示百分比数字.

I also want to know how to change the legend title and show percentage figures on the graph.

推荐答案

不清楚您想要百分比还是数量，以及是否包含标签.但是您应该能够修改它以满足您的需要.在 ggplot 调用之外计算摘要通常更容易.

It's not entirely clear if you want percentages or amount, and whether or not to include labels. But you should be able to modify this to suit your needs. It is often easier to calculate summaries outside the ggplot call.

df 是您的数据文件.

df is your data file.

library(plyr)
library(ggplot2)

# Get the levels for type in the required order
df$type = factor(df$type, levels = c("inter",  "VIIT", "HIIT"))
df = arrange(df, year, desc(type))

# Calculate the percentages
df = ddply(df, .(year), transform, percent = amount/sum(amount) * 100)

# Format the labels and calculate their positions
df = ddply(df, .(year), transform, pos = (cumsum(amount) - 0.5 * amount))
df$label = paste0(sprintf("%.0f", df$percent), "%")

# Plot
ggplot(df, aes(x = factor(year), y = amount, fill = type)) +
   geom_bar(stat = "identity", width = .7) +
   geom_text(aes(y = pos, label = label), size = 2) +
   coord_flip()

Revised plot:从ggplot 2.1.0左右开始，geom_text得到一个position_fill/position_stack，这样就不再需要计算或使用 y 美学 pos 来定位标签.

Revised plot: from about ggplot 2.1.0, geom_text gets a position_fill / position_stack, and thus there is no longer a need to calculate nor use the y aesthetic pos to position the labels.

ggplot(df, aes(x = factor(year), y = amount, fill = type)) +
   geom_bar(position = position_stack(), stat = "identity", width = .7) +
   geom_text(aes(label = label), position = position_stack(vjust = 0.5), size = 2) +
   coord_flip()

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