PHP cURL POST 返回 415 - 不支持的媒体类型 [英] PHP cURL POST returns a 415 - Unsupported Media Type
问题描述
我有一个简单的 PHP 脚本，它通过 cURL 发送一个 HTTP POST 请求，并期望一个 json 字符串作为响应(本来希望使用像 pecl_http/HTTPRequest 这样的现有库，但不能).呼叫始终失败并显示 415 错误 - 不支持的媒体类型.我想我没有正确配置 cURL，但经过多次搜索，我找不到我做错了什么.这是一些代码:
I've got a simple PHP script that sends an HTTP POST request via cURL, and expects a json string in response (would have loved to use an existing library like pecl_http/HTTPRequest for this, but can't). The call consistently fails with a 415 error - Unsupported Media Type. I think I'm not configuring cURL correctly, but after much searching, I can't find out what I'm doing wrong. Here's some code:
class URLRequest
{
public $url;
public $headers;
public $params;
public $body;
public $expectedFormat;
public $method;
public function URLRequest($aUrl, array $aHeaders, array $aParams, $aFormat = "json", $isPost = false, $aBody = "+")
{
$this->url = $aUrl;
$this->headers = $aHeaders;
$this->params = $aParams;
$this->expectedFormat = $aFormat;
$this->method = ($isPost ? "POST" : "GET");
$this->body = $aBody;
}
public function exec()
{
$queryStr = "?";
foreach($this->params as $key=>$val)
$queryStr .= $key . "=" . $val . "&";
//trim the last '&'
$queryStr = rtrim($queryStr, "&");
$url = $this->url . $queryStr;
$request = curl_init();
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1);
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $this->headers);
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
//curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
if($this->method == "POST")
{
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $this->body);
//this prevents an additions code 100 from getting returned
//found it in some forum - seems kind of hacky
curl_setopt($request, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array("Expect:"));
}
$response = curl_exec($request);
curl_close($request);
preg_match("%(?<=HTTP/[0-9].[0-9] )[0-9]+%", $response, $code);
$resp = "";
if($this->expectedFormat == "json")
{
//parse response
}
elseif($this->expectedFormat == "xml")
{
//parse response
}
return $resp;
}
}
$url = "http://mydomain.com/myrestcall";
$query = array( "arg_1" => "test001",
"arg_2" => "test002",
"arg_3" => "test003");
$headers = array( "Accept-Encoding" => "gzip",
"Content-Type" => "application/json",
"Accept" => "application/json",
"custom_header_1" => "test011",
"custom_header_2" => "test012",
"custom_header_3" => "test013");
$body = array( "body_arg_1" => "test021",
"body_arg_2" => array("test022", "test023"),
"body_arg_3" => "test024");
$request = new URLRequest($url, $headers, $query, "json", true, $body);
$response = $request->exec();
...以及响应:
HTTP/1.1 415 Unsupported Media Type
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
X-Powered-By: Servlet 2.5; JBoss-5.0/JBossWeb-2.1
Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 1047
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2012 16:30:44 GMT
<html><head><title>JBoss Web/2.1.3.GA - Error report</title></head><body><h1>HTTP Status 415 - </h1><p><b>type</b> Status report</p><p><b>message</b> <u></u></p><p><b>description</b> <u>The server refused this request because the request entity is in a format not supported by the requested resource for the requested method ().</u></p><h3>JBoss Web/2.1.3.GA</h3></body></html>
任何见解或想法?
提前致谢！
推荐答案
问题解决了！问题来了:
Problem solved! Here's the issue:
发送头的关联数组不适用于 cURL.有几个论坛散布在展示使用关联数组作为标题的示例.不要这样做！
Sending an associative-array of headers DOES NOT WORK with cURL. There are several forums scattered around that show examples using an associative array for headers. DON'T DO IT!
正确的方法(也散布在互联网上，但我太密集而没有注意到)是将标题键/值对构造为字符串，并传递一个标准数组设置 CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER 选项时的这些字符串.
The correct way (which is also scattered around the internets, but that I'm too dense to have noticed) is to construct your header key/value pairs as strings, and pass a standard array of these strings when setting the CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER option.
总之，
错误:
$headers = array( "Accept-Encoding" => "gzip",
"Content-Type" => "application/json",
"custom_header_1" => "test011",
"custom_header_2" => "test012",
"custom_header_3" => "test013");
正确:
$headers = array( "Accept-Encoding: gzip",
"Content-Type: application/json",
"custom_header_1: test011",
"custom_header_2: test012",
"custom_header_3: test013");
我希望这对未来的其他一些高尚的傻瓜有用，以免他们像我一样浪费太多时间调试.
I hope this comes in handy to some other noble doofus down the road before they waste as much time debugging as I did.
如果我不得不猜测，我会假设相同的规则也适用于 POST 正文键/值对，这就是 @drew010 关于使用 http_build_query() 或 json_encode() 将您的消息正文字符串化也是一个好主意.
If I had to guess, I would assume that the same rule applies to the POST body key/value pairs as well, which is why @drew010 's comment about using http_build_query() or json_encode() to stringify your message body is a great idea as well.
感谢大家提出的非常有用的意见，感谢大家的时间和考虑.最后，对 http 流量(通过 Wireshark 捕获)进行的并排比较揭示了问题所在.
Thanks to everyone for your very useful comments, and for you time and consideration. In the end, a side by side comparison of the http traffic (captured via Wireshark) revealed the issue.
谢谢！
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