如何使用 Jsoup 填写表格? [英] How to fill a form with Jsoup?

问题描述

我正在尝试导航到加利福尼亚网站的描述页面http://kepler.sos.ca.gov/.但不能去.

I am trying to navigate to description page of California website http://kepler.sos.ca.gov/. but unable to go .

然后，我有一个 html 表单，我正在提交请求，我无法在这里添加表单，但它是一个简单的 POST 请求 http://kepler.sos.ca.gov/ 带有所需参数

Then,I have a html form, on which I am submitting request, I am unable to add form here but its simple a POST request to http://kepler.sos.ca.gov/ with required params

我可以从我来到这里的上一页获得 __EVENTTARGET 和 __EVENTARGUMENT.

I am able to get __EVENTTARGET and __EVENTARGUMENT from previous page from which I came here.

我做错了什么?

代码:

String url = "kepler.sos.ca.gov/";
Connection.Response resp = Jsoup.connect(url)
                                .timeout(30000)
                                .method(Connection.Method.GET) 
                                .execute();
Document responseDocument = resp.parse();
Map<String, String> loginCookies = resp.cookies();
   eventValidation=responseDocument.select("input[name=__EVENTVALIDATION]").first();
viewState = responseDocument.select("input[name=__VIEWSTATE]").first();

推荐答案

您想使用 FormElement.这是 Jsoup 的一个有用功能.它能够找到表单中声明的​​字段并为您发布它们.在发布表单之前，您可以使用 Jsoup API 设置字段的值.

You want to use FormElement. This is a useful feature of Jsoup. It is able to find the fields declared inside a form and post them for you. Before posting the form you can set the value of the fields using Jsoup API.

注意:

在下面的示例代码中，您将始终看到对 Element#select 方法，然后调用 Elements#first 方法.

In the sample codes below, you'll always see calls to the Element#select method followed by a call to Elements#first method.

例如:responseDocument.select("form#aspnetForm").first()

Jsoup 1.11.1 引入了更有效的替代方案:Element#selectFirst.您可以将其用作原始替代品的直接替代品.

Jsoup 1.11.1 has introduced a more efficient alternative : Element#selectFirst. You can use it as a direct replacement of the original alternative.

例如:
responseDocument.select("form#aspnetForm").first()
可以替换为
responseDocument.selectFirst("form#aspnetForm")

示例代码

// * Connect to website
String url = "http://kepler.sos.ca.gov/";
Connection.Response resp = Jsoup.connect(url) //
                                .timeout(30000) //
                                .method(Connection.Method.GET) //
                                .execute();

// * Find the form
Document responseDocument = resp.parse();
Element potentialForm = responseDocument.select("form#aspnetForm").first();
checkElement("form element", potentialForm);
FormElement form = (FormElement) potentialForm;

// * Fill in the form and submit it
// ** Search Type
Element radioButtonListSearchType = form.select("[name$=RadioButtonList_SearchType]").first();
checkElement("search type radio button list", radioButtonListSearchType);
radioButtonListSearchType.attr("checked", "checked");

// ** Name search
Element textBoxNameSearch = form.select("[name$=TextBox_NameSearch]").first();
checkElement("name search text box", textBoxNameSearch);
textBoxNameSearch.val("cali");

// ** Submit the form
Document searchResults = form.submit().cookies(resp.cookies()).post();

// * Extract results (entity numbers in this sample code)
for (Element entityNumber : searchResults.select("table[id$=SearchResults_Corp] > tbody > tr > td:first-of-type:not(td[colspan=5])")) {
    System.out.println(entityNumber.text());
}

public static void checkElement(String name, Element elem) {
    if (elem == null) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Unable to find " + name);
    }
}

输出(截至撰写本文时)

C3036475
C3027305
C3236514
C3027304
C3034012
C3035110
C3028330
C3035378
C3124793
C3734637

另见:

在本例中，我们将使用 FormElement 类.

// # Constants used in this example
final String USER_AGENT = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.103 Safari/537.36"; 
final String LOGIN_FORM_URL = "https://github.com/login";
final String USERNAME = "yourUsername";  
final String PASSWORD = "yourPassword";  

// # Go to login page
Connection.Response loginFormResponse = Jsoup.connect(LOGIN_FORM_URL)
                                             .method(Connection.Method.GET)
                                             .userAgent(USER_AGENT)
                                             .execute();  

// # Fill the login form
// ## Find the form first...
FormElement loginForm = (FormElement)loginFormResponse.parse()
                                         .select("div#login > form").first();
checkElement("Login Form", loginForm);

// ## ... then "type" the username ...
Element loginField = loginForm.select("#login_field").first();
checkElement("Login Field", loginField);
loginField.val(USERNAME);

// ## ... and "type" the password
Element passwordField = loginForm.select("#password").first();
checkElement("Password Field", passwordField);
passwordField.val(PASSWORD);        


// # Now send the form for login
Connection.Response loginActionResponse = loginForm.submit()
         .cookies(loginFormResponse.cookies())
         .userAgent(USER_AGENT)  
         .execute();

System.out.println(loginActionResponse.parse().html());

public static void checkElement(String name, Element elem) {
    if (elem == null) {
        throw new RuntimeException("Unable to find " + name);
    }
}

所有的表单数据都由 FormElement 类为我们处理(甚至是表单方法检测).调用 FormElement#submit 方法.我们所要做的就是用额外的头文件(cookies、用户代理等)完成这个连接并执行它.

All the form data is handled by the FormElement class for us (even the form method detection). A ready made Connection is built when invoking the FormElement#submit method. All we have to do is to complete this connection with addional headers (cookies, user-agent etc) and execute it.

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