使用 Python 的请求发送 ASP.net POST [英] Sending an ASP.net POST with Python's Requests

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本文介绍了使用 Python 的请求发送 ASP.net POST的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

我正在使用 Python 的请求模块抓取一个旧的 ASP.net 网站.

I'm scraping an old ASP.net website using Python's requests module.

我花了 5 个多小时试图弄清楚如何模拟这个 POST 请求，但无济于事.按照我在下面的方式进行操作，我基本上会收到一条消息，说没有项目与此项目引用匹配."

I've spent 5+ hours trying to figure out how to simulate this POST request to no avail. Doing it the way I do it below, I essentially get a message saying "No item matches this item reference."

我们将不胜感激 - 这是请求和我的代码，出于简洁和/或隐私的考虑，对一些内容进行了修改:

Any help would be deeply appreciated – here's the request and my code, a few things are modified out of respect to brevity and/or privacy:

我自己的代码:

import requests

# Scraping the item number from the website, I have confirmed this is working.

#Then use the newly acquired item number to request the data.
item_url = http://www.example.com/EN/items/Pages/yourrates.aspx?vr= + item_number[0]
viewstate = r'/wEPD...' # Truncated for brevity.

# Create the appropriate request and payload.
payload = {"vr": int(item_number[0])}

item_request_body = {
        "__SPSCEditMenu": "true",
        "MSOWebPartPage_PostbackSource": "",
        "MSOTlPn_SelectedWpId": "",
        "MSOTlPn_View": 0,
        "MSOTlPn_ShowSettings": "False",
        "MSOGallery_SelectedLibrary": "",
        "MSOGallery_FilterString": "",
        "MSOTlPn_Button": "none",
        "__EVENTTARGET": "",
        "__EVENTARGUMENT": "",
        "MSOAuthoringConsole_FormContext": "",
        "MSOAC_EditDuringWorkflow": "",
        "MSOSPWebPartManager_DisplayModeName": "Browse",
        "MSOWebPartPage_Shared": "",
        "MSOLayout_LayoutChanges": "",
        "MSOLayout_InDesignMode": "",
        "MSOSPWebPartManager_OldDisplayModeName": "Browse",
        "MSOSPWebPartManager_StartWebPartEditingName": "false",
        "__VIEWSTATE": viewstate,
        "keywords": "Search our site",
        "__CALLBACKID": "ctl00$SPWebPartManager1$g_dbb9e9c7_fe1d_46df_8789_99a6c9db4b22",
        "__CALLBACKPARAM": "startvr"
    }

# Write the appropriate headers for the property information.
item_request_headers = {
    "Host": home_site,
    "Connection": "keep-alive",
    "Content-Length": len(encoded_valuation_request),
    "Cache-Control": "max-age=0",
    "Origin": home_site,
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.125 Safari/537.36",
    "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
    "Cookie": "__utma=48409910.1174413745.1405662151.1406402487.1406407024.17; __utmb=48409910.7.10.1406407024; __utmc=48409910; __utmz=48409910.1406178827.13.3.utmcsr=ratesandvallandingpage|utmccn=landingpages|utmcmd=button",
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Referer": valuation_url,
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip,deflate,sdch",
    "Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.8"
}

    response = requests.post(url=item_url, params=payload, data=item_request_body, headers=item_request_headers)
    print response.text

Chrome 告诉我的请求是什么样的:

Remote Address:202.55.96.131:80
Request URL:http://www.example.com/EN/items/Pages/yourrates.aspx?vr=123456789
Request Method:POST
Status Code:200 OK

Request Headers
Accept:*/*
Accept-Encoding:gzip,deflate,sdch
Accept-Language:en-US,en;q=0.8
Cache-Control:max-age=0
Connection:keep-alive
Content-Length:21501
Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
Cookie:__utma=48409910.1174413745.1405662151.1406402487.1406407024.17; __utmb=48409910.7.10.1406407024; __utmc=48409910; __utmz=48409910.1406178827.13.3.utmcsr=ratesandvallandingpage|utmccn=landingpages|utmcmd=button
Host:www.site.com
Origin:www.site.com
Referer:http://www.example.com/EN/items/Pages/yourrates.aspx?vr=123456789
User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.125 Safari/537.36

Query String Parameters
vr:123456789

Form Data
__SPSCEditMenu:true
MSOWebPartPage_PostbackSource:
MSOTlPn_SelectedWpId:
MSOTlPn_View:0
MSOTlPn_ShowSettings:False
MSOGallery_SelectedLibrary:
MSOGallery_FilterString:
MSOTlPn_Button:none
__EVENTTARGET:
__EVENTARGUMENT:
MSOAuthoringConsole_FormContext:
MSOAC_EditDuringWorkflow:
MSOSPWebPartManager_DisplayModeName:Browse
MSOWebPartPage_Shared:
MSOLayout_LayoutChanges:
MSOLayout_InDesignMode:
MSOSPWebPartManager_OldDisplayModeName:Browse
MSOSPWebPartManager_StartWebPartEditingName:false
__VIEWSTATE:/wEPD...(Omitted for length)
keywords:Search our site
__CALLBACKID:ctl00$SPWebPartManager1$g_dbb9e9c7_fe1d_46df_8789_99a6c9db4b22
__CALLBACKPARAM:startvr

推荐答案

您的请求参数太多，不应该设置 content-type、content-length、host、origin 或 connection标题；将这些留给请求设置.

You have too many request parameters, and should not set the content-type, content-length, host, origin, or connection headers; leave those to requests to set.

您还将 url 参数加倍；手动将 vr 参数添加到 URL 或使用 params，不要同时做.

You are also doubling up the url parameters; either add the vr parameter to the URL manually or use params, not do both.

POST 正文中的某些参数很可能是由与会话相关联的 ASP 应用程序生成的.我会使用带有 Session 对象的 GET 请求valuation_url，解析该页面中的表单以提取__CALLBACKID 参数.请求 Session 将存储服务器设置的任何 cookie 并重用这些:

It may well be that some of the parameters in the POST body are generated by the ASP application tied to a session. I'd use a GET request with a Session object the valuation_url, parse the form in that page to extract the __CALLBACKID parameter. The requests Session will then store any cookies the server sets and reuse those:

item_request_headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.125 Safari/537.36",
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip,deflate,sdch",
    "Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.8"
}
payload = {"vr": int(item_number[0])}

session = requests.Session(headers=item_request_headers)

# Get form page
form_response = session.get(validation_url, params=payload) 

# parse form page; BeautifulSoup could do this for example
soup = BeautifulSoup(form_response.content)
callbackid = soup.select('input[name=__CALLBACKID]')[0]['value']

item_request_body = {
    "__SPSCEditMenu": "true",
    "MSOWebPartPage_PostbackSource": "",
    "MSOTlPn_SelectedWpId": "",
    "MSOTlPn_View": 0,
    "MSOTlPn_ShowSettings": "False",
    "MSOGallery_SelectedLibrary": "",
    "MSOGallery_FilterString": "",
    "MSOTlPn_Button": "none",
    "__EVENTTARGET": "",
    "__EVENTARGUMENT": "",
    "MSOAuthoringConsole_FormContext": "",
    "MSOAC_EditDuringWorkflow": "",
    "MSOSPWebPartManager_DisplayModeName": "Browse",
    "MSOWebPartPage_Shared": "",
    "MSOLayout_LayoutChanges": "",
    "MSOLayout_InDesignMode": "",
    "MSOSPWebPartManager_OldDisplayModeName": "Browse",
    "MSOSPWebPartManager_StartWebPartEditingName": "false",
    "__VIEWSTATE": viewstate,
    "keywords": "Search our site",
    "__CALLBACKID": callbackid,
    "__CALLBACKPARAM": "startvr"
}

item_url = 'http://www.example.com/EN/items/Pages/yourrates.aspx'

response = session.post(url=item_url, params=payload, data=item_request_body,
                        headers={'Referer': form_response.url})

会话处理标头(设置用户代理，并接受参数)，只有在带有会话的 POST 中，我们才会添加引用标头.

The session handles the headers (setting a user agent, and accept parameters), only on the POST with the session do we add a referrer header as well.

这篇关于使用 Python 的请求发送 ASP.net POST的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！

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