如何发送 POST 和 GET 请求? [英] How to send POST and GET request?

问题描述

我想将我的 JSON 发送到 URL(POST 和 GET).

I want to send my JSON to a URL (POST and GET).

NSMutableDictionary *JSONDict = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
[JSONDict setValue:"myValue" forKey:"myKey"];

NSData *JSONData = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:self options:kNilOptions error:nil];

<小时>

我当前的请求代码无效.

---

My current request code isn't working.

NSMutableURLRequest *requestData = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init];

[requestData setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://fake.url/"];];

[requestData setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[requestData setValue:postLength forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[requestData setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[requestData setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"];
[requestData setHTTPBody:postData];

<小时>

使用ASIHTTPRequest不是一个可靠的答案.

推荐答案

在 iOS 中发送 POST 和 GET 请求非常简单；并且不需要额外的框架.

Sending POST and GET requests in iOS is quite easy; and there's no need for an additional framework.

我们首先创建我们的 POST 的 body(也就是我们想要发送的)作为 NSString，然后转换将其转换为 NSData.

We begin by creating our POST's body (ergo. what we'd like to send) as an NSString, and converting it to NSData.

objective-c

NSString *post = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"test=Message&this=isNotReal"];
NSData *postData = [post dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding allowLossyConversion:YES];

接下来，我们读取postData的length，以便我们可以在请求中传递它.

Next up, we read the postData's length, so we can pass it along in the request.

NSString *postLength = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [postData length]];

既然我们有了想要发布的内容，我们可以创建一个 NSMutableURLRequest，并包含我们的 postData.

Now that we have what we'd like to post, we can create an NSMutableURLRequest, and include our postData.

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init];
[request setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://YourURL.com/FakeURL"]];
[request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[request setValue:postLength forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[request setHTTPBody:postData];

swift

let post = "test=Message&this=isNotReal"
let postData = post.data(using: String.Encoding.ascii, allowLossyConversion: true)

let postLength = String(postData!.count)

var request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: "http://YourURL.com/FakeURL/PARAMETERS")!)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.addValue(postLength, forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Length")
request.httpBody = postData;

最后，我们可以发送我们的请求，并通过创建一个新的 NSURLSession 来读取回复:

And finally, we can send our request, and read the reply by creating a new NSURLSession:

objective-c

NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]];
[[session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
    NSString *requestReply = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
    NSLog(@"Request reply: %@", requestReply);
}] resume];

swift

let session = URLSession(configuration: .default)
session.dataTask(with: request) {data, response, error in
    let requestReply = NSString(data: data!, encoding: String.Encoding.ascii.rawValue)
    print("Request reply: (requestReply!)")
}.resume()

<小时>

GET 请求:

使用 GET 请求基本上是一样的，只有 没有HTTPBody 和 Content-Length.

---

GET Request:

With the GET request it's basically the same thing, only without the HTTPBody and Content-Length.

objective-c

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init];
[request setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://YourURL.com/FakeURL/PARAMETERS"]];
[request setHTTPMethod:@"GET"];

NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]];
[[session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
    NSString *requestReply = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
    NSLog(@"Request reply: %@", requestReply);
}] resume];

swift

var request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: "http://YourURL.com/FakeURL/PARAMETERS")!)
request.httpMethod = "GET"

let session = URLSession(configuration: .default)
session.dataTask(with: request) {data, response, error in
    let requestReply = NSString(data: data!, encoding: String.Encoding.ascii.rawValue)
    print("Request reply: (requestReply!)")
}.resume()

<小时>

附带说明，您可以通过将以下内容添加到我们的 NSMutableURLRequest 中来添加 Content-Type(和其他数据).这可能是服务器在请求时需要的，例如，一个 json.

---

On a side note, you can add Content-Type (and other data) by adding the following to our NSMutableURLRequest. This might be required by the server when requesting, e.g, a json.

objective-c

[request setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[request setValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"];

也可以使用[(NSHTTPURLResponse*)response statusCode]读取响应代码.

Response code can also be read using [(NSHTTPURLResponse*)response statusCode].

swift

request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")

<小时>

更新: sendSynchronousRequest 从 弃用="显示问题标记为 'ios9'" rel="tag">ios9 和 osx-elcapitan (10.11) 并退出.

---

Update: sendSynchronousRequest is deprecated from ios9 and osx-elcapitan (10.11) and out.

NSURLResponse *requestResponse; NSData *requestHandler = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&requestResponse error:nil]; NSString *requestReply = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytes:[requestHandler bytes] length:[requestHandler length] encoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding]; NSLog(@"requestReply: %@", requestReply);

这篇关于如何发送 POST 和 GET 请求?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！