"django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: 关系"app_user"不存在"在 manage.py 测试期间 [英] "django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "app_user" does not exist" during manage.py test

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问题描述

我的设置:

  • Django 1.8.3
  • Python 2.7.10
  • Ubuntu 14.04
  • django-two-factor-auth==1.2.0

运行 python manage.py test 时出现以下错误:

I get the following error when I run python manage.py test:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/src/venv/bin/django-admin.py", line 5, in <module>
    management.execute_from_command_line()
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 30, in run_from_argv
    super(Command, self).run_from_argv(argv)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 393, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 74, in execute
    super(Command, self).execute(*args, **options)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/test.py", line 90, in handle
    failures = test_runner.run_tests(test_labels)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 210, in run_tests
    old_config = self.setup_databases()
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 166, in setup_databases
    **kwargs
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/test/runner.py", line 370, in setup_databases
    serialize=connection.settings_dict.get("TEST", {}).get("SERIALIZE", True),
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/creation.py", line 368, in create_test_db
    test_flush=not keepdb,
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 120, in call_command
    return command.execute(*args, **defaults)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 179, in handle
    created_models = self.sync_apps(connection, executor.loader.unmigrated_apps)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 317, in sync_apps
    cursor.execute(statement)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 97, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/src/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 63, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "app_user" does not exist

当我在 django/db/backends/utils.py 的第 62 行删除 print(sql) 语句时，我得到以下输出:

When I drop a print(sql) statement on line 62 in django/db/backends/utils.py, I get following output:

CREATE DATABASE "test_dev"

            SELECT c.relname, c.relkind
            FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
            LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
            WHERE c.relkind IN ('r', 'v')
                AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                AND pg_catalog.pg_table_is_visible(c.oid)
CREATE TABLE "django_migrations" ("id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "app" varchar(255) NOT NULL, "name" varchar(255) NOT NULL, "applied" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL)

            SELECT c.relname, c.relkind
            FROM pg_catalog.pg_class c
            LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
            WHERE c.relkind IN ('r', 'v')
                AND n.nspname NOT IN ('pg_catalog', 'pg_toast')
                AND pg_catalog.pg_table_is_visible(c.oid)
SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x1"
CREATE TABLE "distributedlock_lock" ("id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "key" varchar(255) NOT NULL, "value" varchar(255) NOT NULL, "timestamp" timestamp with time zone NULL)
RELEASE SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x1"
SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x2"
CREATE TABLE "djkombu_queue" ("id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "name" varchar(200) NOT NULL UNIQUE)
RELEASE SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x2"
SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x3"
CREATE TABLE "djkombu_message" ("id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "visible" boolean NOT NULL, "sent_at" timestamp with time zone NULL, "payload" text NOT NULL, "queue_id" integer NOT NULL)
RELEASE SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x3"
SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x4"
CREATE TABLE "otp_static_staticdevice" ("id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "user_id" integer NOT NULL, "name" varchar(64) NOT NULL, "confirmed" boolean NOT NULL)
RELEASE SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x4"
SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x5"
CREATE TABLE "otp_static_statictoken" ("id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "device_id" integer NOT NULL, "token" varchar(16) NOT NULL)
RELEASE SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x5"
SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x6"
CREATE TABLE "otp_totp_totpdevice" ("id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "user_id" integer NOT NULL, "name" varchar(64) NOT NULL, "confirmed" boolean NOT NULL, "key" varchar(80) NOT NULL, "step" smallint NOT NULL CHECK ("step" >= 0), "t0" bigint NOT NULL, "digits" smallint NOT NULL CHECK ("digits" >= 0), "tolerance" smallint NOT NULL CHECK ("tolerance" >= 0), "drift" smallint NOT NULL, "last_t" bigint NOT NULL)
RELEASE SAVEPOINT "s140275211773760_x6"
CREATE INDEX "djkombu_queue_name_1c24e49fd475ad53_like" ON "djkombu_queue" ("name" varchar_pattern_ops)
ALTER TABLE "djkombu_message" ADD CONSTRAINT "djkombu_message_queue_id_12778caea7843dd_fk_djkombu_queue_id" FOREIGN KEY ("queue_id") REFERENCES "djkombu_queue" ("id") DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED
CREATE INDEX "djkombu_message_46cf0e59" ON "djkombu_message" ("visible")
CREATE INDEX "djkombu_message_df2f2974" ON "djkombu_message" ("sent_at")
CREATE INDEX "djkombu_message_75249aa1" ON "djkombu_message" ("queue_id")
ALTER TABLE "otp_static_staticdevice" ADD CONSTRAINT "otp_static_staticdevice_user_id_39a61f1bd3ec970d_fk_app_user_id" FOREIGN KEY ("user_id") REFERENCES "ff_user" ("id") DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED

所以我很清楚在设置测试数据库时我的测试会崩溃.具体来说，在 otp_static_staticdevice 表和我的应用程序的 app_user 表之间创建外键约束的尝试失败了.

So it is clear to me that my tests blow up while the test database is being setup. Specifically, the attempt to create a foreign key constraint between the otp_static_staticdevice table and my app's app_user table fails.

我的直接问题是，为什么 django 在我的应用程序表之前创建 OTP 表?我的假设是 OTP 应用程序首先列在我的 INSTALLED_APPS 中.但事实并非如此:

My immediate question is, why does django create the OTP table before my app's table? My assumption is that the OTP app is listed first in my INSTALLED_APPS. But this is not the case:

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.humanize',
    'app',
    ...
    'django_otp',
    'django_otp.plugins.otp_static',
    'django_otp.plugins.otp_totp',
    'two_factor',
    ...
]

接下来，我查看 django/core/management/commands/migrate.py，试图找出 django 如何确定其迁移应用程序的顺序.

Next, I look at django/core/management/commands/migrate.py, trying to find out how django determines its order for migrating apps.

在第 264 行 (https://github.com/django/django/blob/1.8.3/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py#L264)并希望查看 app_labels 包含的内容，我得到:

Plopping a pdb.set_trace() statement on line 264 (https://github.com/django/django/blob/1.8.3/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py#L264) and looking to see what app_labels contains, I get:

set(['djangosaml2', 'django_ace', 'recurly', 'staticfiles', 'distributedlock', 'app_overrides', 'messages', 'django_otp', 'kombu_transport_django', 'otp_totp', 'compressor', 'otp_static', 'humanize', 'ajax_select', 'django_extensions', 'import_export', 'raven_compat', 'crispy_forms', 'emoji'])

这是在我决定寻求帮助之前我所得到的.有谁知道 Django 最终如何不以正确的顺序创建所有项目的应用程序，以便不发生体面冲突?

This is as far as I have gotten before I decided to ask for help. Does anyone know how Django might end up not creating all the project's apps in the correct order so that decency conflicts do not occur?

推荐答案

遇到了同样的问题，由于它发生在 ./manage.py test 上，您的迁移可能会被破坏.
从 Django 1.7 开始，有一个名为 MIGRATION_MODULES 的新设置，您可以在其中配置应用的迁移模块.
在 settings.py 中添加以下解决方法(在此处)跳过测试迁移，并为我解决:

Got the same issue, and since it happens on ./manage.py test, your migrations may be broken.
Since Django 1.7, there is a new setting called MIGRATION_MODULES, in which you configure your app's migration modules.
Adding the following workaround in settings.py (found here) skips migrations on tests, and solved it for me:

class DisableMigrations(object):

    def __contains__(self, item):
        return True

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        return "notmigrations"

MIGRATION_MODULES = DisableMigrations()

这篇关于&quot;django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: 关系&quot;app_user&quot;不存在"在 manage.py 测试期间的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！

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