用于检查服务器是否在线的批处理脚本 [英] Batch script for checking if a server is online

问题描述

我基本上想要一个 Windows 批处理脚本，它通过服务器列表并检查每个服务器是否在线.服务器列表应该是一个简单的纯文本文件，应该如下所示:

I basically want to have a windows batch script which goes through a list of servers and checks every server with a ping if it is online. The list of servers should be a simple plain text file and should look something like this:

...
"Google" www.google.com
"Node1" 221.12.123.1
"Download Server" dl.myserver.com
"Login Server" login.myserver.com
...

这里是程序应该做的一个简单的纲要:

Here is a simple rundown what the program should do:

1. 将列表中所有服务器的描述列表打印到屏幕上.
2. ping 第一台服务器 4 次，如果一个 ping 成功，它应该返回在线，如果所有 4 个 ping 都失败，它应该返回离线.
3. 在打印列表中的第一个服务器旁边在线或离线打印
4. 为列表中的所有其他服务器运行第 2 步和第 3 步.

输出应如下所示:

...
Google: online
Stackoverflow: online
Node1: online
Download Server: offline
Login server: offline
...

我只想知道这在(windows)批处理中是否可行以及如何做到这一点.如果不能批量处理，我应该使用什么编程语言?可以用 Python 编程吗?

I just want to know if this is even possible in (windows) batch and how to do it. If it isn't possible in batch, what programming language should I use? Would it be possible to program this in Python?

如果有人可以发布如何执行此操作的代码，我也将非常感激，谢谢！

I would also be really thankful if anybody could post the code how to do this, Thanks!

推荐答案

@echo off

    setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion

    for /f usebackq^ tokens^=1^,2^ delims^=^" %%a in ("servers.txt") do (
        call :isOnline %%b && set "status=online" || set "status=offline"
        echo %%a : !status!
    )

    endlocal

    exit /b

:isOnline address
    setlocal enableextensions disabledelayedexpansion

    :: a temporary file is needed to capture ping output for later processing
    set "tempFile=%temp%\%~nx0.%random%.tmp"

    :: ping the indicated address and get errorlevel
    ping -w 1000 -n 4 %~1 > "%tempFile%"  && set "pingError=" || set "pingError=1"

    :: When pinging, 
    ::
    :: we get errorlevel = 1 when
    ::    ipv4 - when any packet is lost. It is necessary to check for "TTL="
    ::           string in the output of the ping command.
    ::    ipv6 - when all packet are lost.
    :: we get errorlevel = 0 when
    ::    ipv4 - all packets received. But pinging a inactive host on the  
    ::           same subnet result in no packet lost. It is necessary to 
    ::           check for "TTL=" string in the output of the ping command.
    ::    ipv6 - at least one packet reaches the host.
    ::
    ::                          +--------------+-------------+
    ::                          | TTL= present |    No TTL   | 
    ::  +-----------------------+--------------+-------------+
    ::  | ipv4    errorlevel 0  |      OK      |    ERROR    |
    ::  |         errorlevel 1  |      OK      |    ERROR    | 
    ::  +-----------------------+--------------+-------------+ 
    ::  | ipv6    errorlevel 0  |              |      OK     |
    ::  |         errorlevel 1  |              |    ERROR    |
    ::  +-----------------------+----------------------------+
    ::
    :: So, if TTL= is present in output, host is online. If errorlevel is 0 
    :: and the address is ipv6 then host is online. In the rest of the cases
    :: the host is offline.    
    ::
    :: To determine the ip version, a regular expresion to match a ipv6 
    :: address is used with findstr. As it will be only tested in the case 
    :: of no errorlevel, the ip address should be present in the output of
    :: ping command.

    set "exitCode=1"
    find "TTL=" "%tempFile%" >nul 2>nul && set "exitCode=0" || (
        if not defined pingError (
            findstr /r /c:" [a-f0-9:][a-f0-9]*:[a-f0-9:%%]*[a-f0-9]: " "%tempFile%" >nul 2>nul  && set "exitCode=0"
        )
    )

    :: cleanup and return errorlevel
    if exist "%tempFile%" del /q "%tempFile%" >nul 2>nul 
    endlocal & exit /b %exitCode%

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