使用 .NET 类的 OpenSSL 加密 [英] OpenSSL encryption using .NET classes
本文介绍了使用 .NET 类的 OpenSSL 加密的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我希望创建一个使用与 OpenSSL 兼容的 .NET 库的类.我知道有一个 OpenSSL.Net 包装器，但我宁愿避免引用第 3 方非托管代码.我不是在寻找关于这是否是正确选择的讨论，但这是有原因的.
I'm looking to create a class that uses the .NET libraries that is compatible with OpenSSL. I'm aware there is an OpenSSL.Net wrapper, but I would prefer to avoid referencing 3rd partyunmanaged code. I'm not looking for a discussion of whether this is the right choice, but there are reasons for it.
目前我有以下内容，我认为它应该与 OpenSSL 兼容 - 它有效地完成了我认为 OpenSSL 从 OpenSSL 文档中所做的事情.但是，即使仅使用此类进行加密和解密，我也会收到以下错误:
Currently I have the following, which I believe should be compatible with OpenSSL - it effectively does what I believe OpenSSL does from the OpenSSL documentation. However even when just using this class to do both the encryption and decryption, I'm getting the following error:
[CryptographicException] Padding is invalid and cannot be removed.
我已经通过代码并验证了在加密和解密过程中saltkeyiv都是相同的.
I have stepped through the code and verified that the saltkeyiv are all the same during the encryption and decryption process.
请参阅下面的示例类并调用进行加密解密.欢迎任何想法或指示.
See below for sample class and call to do encrypt decrypt. Any ideas or pointers would be welcome.
public class Protection
{
public string OpenSSLEncrypt(string plainText, string passphrase)
{
// generate salt
byte[] key, iv;
byte[] salt = new byte[8];
RNGCryptoServiceProvider rng = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();
rng.GetNonZeroBytes(salt);
DeriveKeyAndIV(passphrase, salt, out key, out iv);
// encrypt bytes
byte[] encryptedBytes = EncryptStringToBytesAes(plainText, key, iv);
// add salt as first 8 bytes
byte[] encryptedBytesWithSalt = new byte[salt.Length + encryptedBytes.Length];
Buffer.BlockCopy(salt, 0, encryptedBytesWithSalt, 0, salt.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(encryptedBytes, 0, encryptedBytesWithSalt, salt.Length, encryptedBytes.Length);
// base64 encode
return Convert.ToBase64String(encryptedBytesWithSalt);
}
public string OpenSSLDecrypt(string encrypted, string passphrase)
{
// base 64 decode
byte[] encryptedBytesWithSalt = Convert.FromBase64String(encrypted);
// extract salt (first 8 bytes of encrypted)
byte[] salt = new byte[8];
byte[] encryptedBytes = new byte[encryptedBytesWithSalt.Length - salt.Length];
Buffer.BlockCopy(encryptedBytesWithSalt, 0, salt, 0, salt.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(encryptedBytesWithSalt, salt.Length, encryptedBytes, 0, encryptedBytes.Length);
// get key and iv
byte[] key, iv;
DeriveKeyAndIV(passphrase, salt, out key, out iv);
return DecryptStringFromBytesAes(encryptedBytes, key, iv);
}
private static void DeriveKeyAndIV(string passphrase, byte[] salt, out byte[] key, out byte[] iv)
{
// generate key and iv
List<byte> concatenatedHashes = new List<byte>(48);
byte[] password = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(passphrase);
byte[] currentHash = new byte[0];
MD5 md5 = MD5.Create();
bool enoughBytesForKey = false;
// See http://www.openssl.org/docs/crypto/EVP_BytesToKey.html#KEY_DERIVATION_ALGORITHM
while (!enoughBytesForKey)
{
int preHashLength = currentHash.Length + password.Length + salt.Length;
byte[] preHash = new byte[preHashLength];
Buffer.BlockCopy(currentHash, 0, preHash, 0, currentHash.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(password, 0, preHash, currentHash.Length, password.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(salt, 0, preHash, currentHash.Length + password.Length, salt.Length);
currentHash = md5.ComputeHash(preHash);
concatenatedHashes.AddRange(currentHash);
if (concatenatedHashes.Count >= 48)
enoughBytesForKey = true;
}
key = new byte[32];
iv = new byte[16];
concatenatedHashes.CopyTo(0, key, 0, 32);
concatenatedHashes.CopyTo(32, iv, 0, 16);
md5.Clear();
md5 = null;
}
static byte[] EncryptStringToBytesAes(string plainText, byte[] key, byte[] iv)
{
// Check arguments.
if (plainText == null || plainText.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("plainText");
if (key == null || key.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("key");
if (iv == null || iv.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("iv");
// Declare the stream used to encrypt to an in memory
// array of bytes.
MemoryStream msEncrypt;
// Declare the RijndaelManaged object
// used to encrypt the data.
RijndaelManaged aesAlg = null;
try
{
// Create a RijndaelManaged object
// with the specified key and IV.
aesAlg = new RijndaelManaged { Key = key, IV = iv, Mode = CipherMode.CBC, KeySize = 256, BlockSize = 256 };
// Create an encryptor to perform the stream transform.
ICryptoTransform encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
// Create the streams used for encryption.
msEncrypt = new MemoryStream();
using (CryptoStream csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
using (StreamWriter swEncrypt = new StreamWriter(csEncrypt))
{
//Write all data to the stream.
swEncrypt.Write(plainText);
swEncrypt.Flush();
swEncrypt.Close();
}
}
}
finally
{
// Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
if (aesAlg != null)
aesAlg.Clear();
}
// Return the encrypted bytes from the memory stream.
return msEncrypt.ToArray();
}
static string DecryptStringFromBytesAes(byte[] cipherText, byte[] key, byte[] iv)
{
// Check arguments.
if (cipherText == null || cipherText.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("cipherText");
if (key == null || key.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("key");
if (iv == null || iv.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("iv");
// Declare the RijndaelManaged object
// used to decrypt the data.
RijndaelManaged aesAlg = null;
// Declare the string used to hold
// the decrypted text.
string plaintext;
try
{
// Create a RijndaelManaged object
// with the specified key and IV.
aesAlg = new RijndaelManaged { Key = key, IV = iv, Mode = CipherMode.CBC, KeySize = 256, BlockSize = 256};
// Create a decrytor to perform the stream transform.
ICryptoTransform decryptor = aesAlg.CreateDecryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
// Create the streams used for decryption.
using (MemoryStream msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(cipherText))
{
using (CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
{
using (StreamReader srDecrypt = new StreamReader(csDecrypt))
{
// Read the decrypted bytes from the decrypting stream
// and place them in a string.
plaintext = srDecrypt.ReadToEnd();
srDecrypt.Close();
}
}
}
}
finally
{
// Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
if (aesAlg != null)
aesAlg.Clear();
}
return plaintext;
}
}
然后我调用它来测试它:
I then call this to test it:
Protection protection = new Protection();
const string passphrase = "<passphrase>";
string encrypted = protection.OpenSSLEncrypt(jobid, passphrase);
string decrypted = protection.OpenSSLDecrypt(encrypted, passphrase);
推荐答案
终于想通了这个.如果有人需要在不使用 openssl 包装器的情况下集成 openssl 和 .NET，我将在这里分享结果.
Finally figured this one out. In the event someone needs to integrate openssl and .NET without using the openssl wrappers, I'll share the results here.
1) 我的原始代码的主要问题(如问题中所述)是您必须在设置密钥或 IV 之前在 RijndaelManaged 实例上初始化 BlockSize 和 KeySize.
1) The main issue with my original code (as in the question) is that you must initialize the BlockSize and KeySize on your RijndaelManaged instance BEFORE setting the key or IV.
2) 我也将 BlockSize 设置为 256，而应该仅为 128
2) I also had BlockSize set to 256 when it should only be 128
3) 我的问题的其余部分是这样一个事实，即在附加加密字符串然后 base64 对其进行编码之前，openssl 会在盐的前面放置并期望Salted__".(我最初在关于文件加密的 openssl 文档中看到了这一点，但认为它在直接通过命令行执行时并没有做到 - 显然我错了！还要注意 Salted 中 S 的大写！)
3) The remainder of my issue came to the fact that openssl puts and expects "Salted__" onto the front of the salt before appending the encrypted string and then base64 encoding it. (I saw this initially in the openssl documentation with respect to file encryption but didn't think it did it when doing it directly through commandline - Apparently I was wrong!! Note also the capitalization of the S in Salted!)
考虑到这一点，这是我的固定"代码:
With that all in mind, here is my "fixed" code:
public class Protection
{
public string OpenSSLEncrypt(string plainText, string passphrase)
{
// generate salt
byte[] key, iv;
byte[] salt = new byte[8];
RNGCryptoServiceProvider rng = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider();
rng.GetNonZeroBytes(salt);
DeriveKeyAndIV(passphrase, salt, out key, out iv);
// encrypt bytes
byte[] encryptedBytes = EncryptStringToBytesAes(plainText, key, iv);
// add salt as first 8 bytes
byte[] encryptedBytesWithSalt = new byte[salt.Length + encryptedBytes.Length + 8];
Buffer.BlockCopy(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Salted__"), 0, encryptedBytesWithSalt, 0, 8);
Buffer.BlockCopy(salt, 0, encryptedBytesWithSalt, 8, salt.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(encryptedBytes, 0, encryptedBytesWithSalt, salt.Length + 8, encryptedBytes.Length);
// base64 encode
return Convert.ToBase64String(encryptedBytesWithSalt);
}
public string OpenSSLDecrypt(string encrypted, string passphrase)
{
// base 64 decode
byte[] encryptedBytesWithSalt = Convert.FromBase64String(encrypted);
// extract salt (first 8 bytes of encrypted)
byte[] salt = new byte[8];
byte[] encryptedBytes = new byte[encryptedBytesWithSalt.Length - salt.Length - 8];
Buffer.BlockCopy(encryptedBytesWithSalt, 8, salt, 0, salt.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(encryptedBytesWithSalt, salt.Length + 8, encryptedBytes, 0, encryptedBytes.Length);
// get key and iv
byte[] key, iv;
DeriveKeyAndIV(passphrase, salt, out key, out iv);
return DecryptStringFromBytesAes(encryptedBytes, key, iv);
}
private static void DeriveKeyAndIV(string passphrase, byte[] salt, out byte[] key, out byte[] iv)
{
// generate key and iv
List<byte> concatenatedHashes = new List<byte>(48);
byte[] password = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(passphrase);
byte[] currentHash = new byte[0];
MD5 md5 = MD5.Create();
bool enoughBytesForKey = false;
// See http://www.openssl.org/docs/crypto/EVP_BytesToKey.html#KEY_DERIVATION_ALGORITHM
while (!enoughBytesForKey)
{
int preHashLength = currentHash.Length + password.Length + salt.Length;
byte[] preHash = new byte[preHashLength];
Buffer.BlockCopy(currentHash, 0, preHash, 0, currentHash.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(password, 0, preHash, currentHash.Length, password.Length);
Buffer.BlockCopy(salt, 0, preHash, currentHash.Length + password.Length, salt.Length);
currentHash = md5.ComputeHash(preHash);
concatenatedHashes.AddRange(currentHash);
if (concatenatedHashes.Count >= 48)
enoughBytesForKey = true;
}
key = new byte[32];
iv = new byte[16];
concatenatedHashes.CopyTo(0, key, 0, 32);
concatenatedHashes.CopyTo(32, iv, 0, 16);
md5.Clear();
md5 = null;
}
static byte[] EncryptStringToBytesAes(string plainText, byte[] key, byte[] iv)
{
// Check arguments.
if (plainText == null || plainText.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("plainText");
if (key == null || key.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("key");
if (iv == null || iv.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("iv");
// Declare the stream used to encrypt to an in memory
// array of bytes.
MemoryStream msEncrypt;
// Declare the RijndaelManaged object
// used to encrypt the data.
RijndaelManaged aesAlg = null;
try
{
// Create a RijndaelManaged object
// with the specified key and IV.
aesAlg = new RijndaelManaged { Mode = CipherMode.CBC, KeySize = 256, BlockSize = 128, Key = key, IV = iv };
// Create an encryptor to perform the stream transform.
ICryptoTransform encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
// Create the streams used for encryption.
msEncrypt = new MemoryStream();
using (CryptoStream csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
{
using (StreamWriter swEncrypt = new StreamWriter(csEncrypt))
{
//Write all data to the stream.
swEncrypt.Write(plainText);
swEncrypt.Flush();
swEncrypt.Close();
}
}
}
finally
{
// Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
if (aesAlg != null)
aesAlg.Clear();
}
// Return the encrypted bytes from the memory stream.
return msEncrypt.ToArray();
}
static string DecryptStringFromBytesAes(byte[] cipherText, byte[] key, byte[] iv)
{
// Check arguments.
if (cipherText == null || cipherText.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("cipherText");
if (key == null || key.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("key");
if (iv == null || iv.Length <= 0)
throw new ArgumentNullException("iv");
// Declare the RijndaelManaged object
// used to decrypt the data.
RijndaelManaged aesAlg = null;
// Declare the string used to hold
// the decrypted text.
string plaintext;
try
{
// Create a RijndaelManaged object
// with the specified key and IV.
aesAlg = new RijndaelManaged {Mode = CipherMode.CBC, KeySize = 256, BlockSize = 128, Key = key, IV = iv};
// Create a decrytor to perform the stream transform.
ICryptoTransform decryptor = aesAlg.CreateDecryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
// Create the streams used for decryption.
using (MemoryStream msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(cipherText))
{
using (CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
{
using (StreamReader srDecrypt = new StreamReader(csDecrypt))
{
// Read the decrypted bytes from the decrypting stream
// and place them in a string.
plaintext = srDecrypt.ReadToEnd();
srDecrypt.Close();
}
}
}
}
finally
{
// Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
if (aesAlg != null)
aesAlg.Clear();
}
return plaintext;
}
}
这篇关于使用 .NET 类的 OpenSSL 加密的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
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