如何在 C# 中仅反序列化 XML 文档的一部分 [英] How to deserialize only part of an XML document in C#

问题描述

这是我试图解决的问题的一个虚构示例.如果我在 C# 中工作，并且有这样的 XML:

Here's a fictitious example of the problem I'm trying to solve. If I'm working in C#, and have XML like this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Cars>
  <Car>
    <StockNumber>1020</StockNumber>
    <Make>Nissan</Make>
    <Model>Sentra</Model>
  </Car>
  <Car>
    <StockNumber>1010</StockNumber>
    <Make>Toyota</Make>
    <Model>Corolla</Model>
  </Car>
  <SalesPerson>
    <Company>Acme Sales</Company>
    <Position>
       <Salary>
          <Amount>1000</Amount>
          <Unit>Dollars</Unit>
    ... and on... and on....
  </SalesPerson>
</Cars>

SalesPerson 中的 XML 可能很长，大小可达数兆字节.我想反序列化标记，但不反序列化 SalesPerson XML 元素，而是将其保留为原始形式以备后用".

the XML inside SalesPerson can be very long, megabytes in size. I want to deserialize the tag, but not deserialize the SalesPerson XML element instead keeping it in raw form "for later on".

本质上，我希望能够将其用作 XML 的对象表示.

Essentially I would like to be able to use this as a Objects representation of the XML.

[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("Cars", Namespace = "", IsNullable = false)]
public class Cars
{
    [XmlArrayItem(typeof(Car))]
    public Car[] Car { get; set; }

    public Stream SalesPerson { get; set; }
}

public class Car
{
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("StockNumber")]
    public string StockNumber{ get; set; }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("Make")]
    public string Make{ get; set; }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("Model")]
    public string Model{ get; set; }
}

其中 Cars 对象上的 SalesPerson 属性将包含一个带有原始 xml 的流，该流位于 <SalesPerson> 中.通过 XmlSerializer 运行后的 xml 元素.

where the SalesPerson property on the Cars object would contain a stream with the raw xml that is within the <SalesPerson> xml element after being run through an XmlSerializer.

这能做到吗?我可以选择只反序列化 xml 文档的一部分"吗?

Can this be done? Can I choose to only deserialize "part of" an xml document?

谢谢！-迈克

附言从如何反序列化XML文档

推荐答案

这可能是一个有点旧的线程，但无论如何我都会发布.我遇到了同样的问题(需要从超过 1MB 的文件中反序列化 10kb 的数据).在主对象(它有一个需要反序列化的 InnerObject)中，我实现了一个 IXmlSerializable 接口，然后更改了 ReadXml 方法.

It might be a bit old thread, but i will post anyway. i had the same problem (needed to deserialize like 10kb of data from a file that had more than 1MB). In main object (which has a InnerObject that needs to be deserializer) i implemented a IXmlSerializable interface, then changed the ReadXml method.

我们有 xmlTextReader 作为输入，第一行是读取一个 XML 标签:

We have xmlTextReader as input , the first line is to read till a XML tag:

reader.ReadToDescendant("InnerObjectTag"); //tag which matches the InnerObject

然后为我们要反序列化的对象类型创建XMLSerializer并反序列化

Then create XMLSerializer for a type of the object we want to deserialize and deserialize it

XmlSerializer   serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(InnerObject));

this.innerObject = serializer.Deserialize(reader.ReadSubtree()); //this gives serializer the part of XML that is for  the innerObject data

reader.close(); //now skip the rest 

这为我节省了大量反序列化时间，并允许我只读取 XML 的一部分(只是描述文件的一些细节，这可能有助于用户确定文件是否是他想要加载的内容).

this saved me a lot of time to deserialize and allows me to read just a part of XML (just some details that describe the file, which might help the user to decide if the file is what he wants to load).

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