什么是安装 Java EE 应用程序的好的 InstallAnywhere 替代品? [英] What are good InstallAnywhere replacements for installing a Java EE application?

问题描述

您建议使用哪种(商业或免费)安装程序工具替换 InstallAnywhere 作为 Java EE 应用程序的安装程序?你特别喜欢它的什么地方，它的缺点是什么?

Which (commercial or free) installer tool would you recommend to replace InstallAnywhere as the installer for a Java EE application? What do you specifically like about it, and what are its downsides?

一些要求:

• 必须支持运行自定义 Java 代码作为安装过程的一部分
• 必须支持 Windows，包括最新的 64 位版本，如 Windows Server 2008；对其他目标操作系统的支持是一个优势
• 必须能够安装捆绑的应用服务器(例如 Resin 或 Tomcat) 作为 Windows 上的服务
• 必须支持基本的东西，例如复制和移动文件、编辑配置文件、解压缩 ZIP 等.
• (必须支持捆绑特定版本的 JRE；至少包括要提取的 ZIP)

• Must support running custom Java code as part of installation procedure
• Must support Windows, including latest 64-bit versions like Windows Server 2008; support for other target operating systems is a plus
• Must be able to install a bundled application server (such as Resin or Tomcat) as a service on Windows
• Must support basic stuff like copying and moving files around, editing configuration files, extracting ZIPs, etc.
• (Must support bundling a specific version of JRE; at the very least by including a ZIP to be extracted)

还有几点:

• 最好不依赖于目标机器上预装的 JRE(或任何其他 3rd 方运行时环境或库)；换句话说，可以生成独立的 Windows .exe(或 .msi)
• 该工具最好是跨平台的，以便可以在 Linux、Windows 或 Mac 上进行安装程序开发.
• 最好有一个像样的 GUI 来将安装程序放在一起.但是，一旦完成，必须可以跳过 GUI 并使安装程序构建成为自动构建过程的一部分.

• Preferably does not depend on a preinstalled JRE (or any other 3rd party runtime environment or library) on target machine; in other words, can produce an independent Windows .exe (or .msi)
• The tool should preferably be cross-platform so that installer development can be done on Linux, Windows, or Mac.
• Should preferably have a decent GUI for putting the installer together. Once that is done, however, it must be possible to skip the GUI and make installer building part of automated build process.

推荐答案

不幸的是，在这种情况下，SO 并没有告诉我们太多我们已经不知道的信息(实际上我们最终选择的工具在任何回答).但是，我将我们的经验发布在这里，因为它们以后可能对其他人有所帮助.

In this case, unfortunately, SO didn't tell us much that we didn't know already (and indeed the tool we ultimately chose was not mentioned in any answer). However, I'm posting our experiences here, as they might be helpful to others later on.

我们(快速)评估了以下安装程序工具，主要是通过查看他们的网站和浏览网络上的其他信息:实际安装程序、高级安装程序、BitRock InstallBuilder、Inno Setup、Install Creator, Windows 安装 VISE，InstallShield、install4j、IzPack, NSIS、openInstaller、Scriptlogic MSI Studio, Smart Install Maker、Symantec Wise Installation Studio，和 WiX.

We (quickly) evaluated the following installer tools, mostly by looking at their websites and browsing for other information on the web: Actual Installer, Advanced Installer, BitRock InstallBuilder, Inno Setup, Install Creator, Installer VISE for Windows, InstallShield, install4j, IzPack, NSIS, openInstaller, Scriptlogic MSI Studio, Smart Install Maker, Symantec Wise Installation Studio, and WiX.

我们很早就筛选掉了其中的大部分，并最终列出了两个选项以供进一步评估:BitRock InstallBuilder 和 install4j.对于这些工具，我们下载了评估版本并进行了一些原型设计，以查看对我们来说最重要的东西是否真的得到支持，以及让它们工作的难易程度.

We screened out most of them early on, and ended up shortlisting two options for closer evaluation: BitRock InstallBuilder and install4j. For these tools, we downloaded evaluation versions and did some prototyping, to see if the things that are most important to us are really supported, and how easy or hard it is to get things working.

这两个选项在很多方面都很好(而且似乎都是 InstallAnywhere 的不错选择):

Both of the options were good in many things (and both seemed good alternatives to InstallAnywhere):

• 它们生成完全原生且漂亮的 Windows .exe 安装程序，这些安装程序是易于使用您自己的图形等进行自定义.
• 这两种工具都可以轻松实现自动化，以便从 Ant 触发安装程序构建.(使用 install4j，我只用了五分钟就学习它，然后实施它.)
• 两家公司似乎都得到了很好的支持(好吧，至少对于评估他们产品的潜在客户而言是这样；-)尤其是从 BitRock 那里，我们得到了非常快的回复.

在以下方面，install4j 似乎比 BitRock 更能满足我们的需求(当然，其中许多是主观的，所以 YMMV):

In the following things install4j seemed better than BitRock for our needs (many of these are subjective, of course, so YMMV):

• install4j 肯定对运行自定义 Java 代码有更好的支持——它可以在安装过程中的任何时候完成，而不管系统上是否有任何预装的 JRE.
• BitRock 使用更硬编码的安装步骤序列，而 install4j 更灵活.在 install4j 中，可以在安装任何文件之前或之后的任何时候添加自定义屏幕和表单(使用或不使用自定义 Java 代码)、询问用户输入等.
• 还有一些基本的东西，比如定义要复制到目标系统的文件集，以及添加一个安装步骤来替换配置文件中的某些字符串，在 install4j 中似乎更容易一些.
• install4j 更好地支持 JRE 捆绑
• 在 Linux 上创建安装程序时，外观 &install4j IDE 的感觉比 BitRock 更好(更原生")
• (install4j 的 许可选项 对我们来说更好 - 我们非常喜欢几个浮动许可证到所有开发人员的命名许可证或昂贵的站点许可证")

• install4j definitely has better support for running custom Java code - it can be done at any point during the installation, and regardless of whether there's any preinstalled JRE on the system.
• BitRock uses a more hard-coded sequence of installation steps while install4j is more flexible. In install4j, adding custom screens and forms (with or without custom Java code), asking user for input, etc., can be done at any point, before or after installing any files.
• Also some basic things like defining the filesets that are to be copied to the target system, and adding an installation step to replace certain strings in configuration files seemed somewhat easier in install4j.
• install4j has better support for JRE bundling
• When creating installers on Linux, the look & feel of install4j IDE was nicer (more "native") than that of BitRock
• (install4j's licensing options were better for us - we strongly preferred a couple of floating licenses to named licenses for all developers or an expensive "site license")

所以最终我们选择了 install4j.以下是有关其令人印象深刻的原因的更多详细信息:

So ultimately we went with install4j. Here are some more details on why it was impressive:

• 它的 IDE(您将安装程序放在一起)非常简单且易于使用 - 即使不查看文档，我也可以快速弄清楚如何完成我想做的大多数事情.当我确实必须检查文档中的某些内容时(例如如何参考 安装程序变量；如何开始使用编写针对 install4j API 的自定义 Java 代码)，很快就找到了我需要的东西.
• 您可以在安装过程中完全自定义屏幕和操作，还可以添加自定义屏幕和操作(根据它们的 Java API).这对我们很重要，因为我们需要重用旧 InstallAnywhere 安装程序中现有的自定义 Java 代码.
• 在一些小细节上，install4j 似乎非常适合 Java 开发人员.例如，如果您想添加一个验证脚本来检查某些用户输入，您可以在 install4j IDE 本身中非常快速地编写代码，使用普通的旧 Java，并使用类似于 IntelliJ IDEA 的编码帮助.
• 我们认为 install4j 浮动许可证的成本是合理的，考虑到该工具有多好(与 InstallAnywhere 的高昂定价相比，这是非常划算的......)
• 简而言之，它似乎是可用于部署 Java 应用程序的最佳安装工具.

• Its IDE, where you put the installer together, is very simple and easy to use - I could figure out how to do most things I wanted quickly, even without looking at documentation. And when I did have to check something in the documentation (e.g. how to refer to installer variables; how to get started writing custom Java code against the install4j API), it didn't take long to find what I needed.
• You can completely customise the screens and actions during the installation procedure, and also add custom screens and actions (coded against their Java API) at any point. This was important to us because we need to reuse existing custom Java code from the old InstallAnywhere installer.
• In some small details, install4j seems ideal for Java developers. For example, if you want to add a validation script to check some user input, you can code that very quickly in the install4j IDE itself, using plain old Java, with coding assistance resembling that of IntelliJ IDEA.
• We deemed the cost of install4j floating licenses reasonable, considering how good the tool is (and downright bargain compared to the inflated pricing of InstallAnywhere...)
• In short, it seemed like the best installer tool available for deploying Java applications.

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